Node.js是一套用來編寫高性能網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器的JavaScript工具包，一系列的變化由此開始。比較獨(dú)特的是，Node.js會(huì)假設(shè)你是在POSIX環(huán)境下運(yùn)行它Linux 或 Mac OS X。如果你是在Windows下，那就需要安裝MinGW以獲得一個(gè)仿POSIX的環(huán)境。在Node中，Http是首要的。Node為創(chuàng)建http服務(wù)器作了優(yōu)化，所以你在網(wǎng)上看到的大部分示例和庫(kù)都是集中在web上(http框架、模板庫(kù)等）。

Node.js 安裝

1、安裝編譯環(huán)境，>sudo apt-get install g++ c++ curl libssl-dev apache2-utils git-core curl
2、下載Node安裝包，>wget http://nodejs.org/dist/node-v0.3.0.tar.gz
3、編譯安裝，步驟如下：
>./configure //注：如果不需SSL，可加入選項(xiàng)-without-ssl
>make
>make install
4、安裝成功，默認(rèn)路徑為：/usr/local/bin/node！

Node.js 應(yīng)用

1、安裝成功后先寫“Hello World!”簡(jiǎn)單測(cè)試一下，代碼如下：
Java代碼
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//filename: app.js
var http = require('http');
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
res.end('Hello World\n');
}).listen(8000, "127.0.0.1");
console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/');
2、運(yùn)行 app.js，>node app.js，在瀏覽器輸入http://127.0.0.1:8000/，即可看到效果
3、Node提供了一些常用的API，可參考：http://nodejs.org/api.html

NPM 安裝

除Node本身提供的API外，現(xiàn)在有不少第三方模塊可極大的提高開發(fā)效率，如：WEB框架-express，HTTP中間件-connect，模板-ejs等，為了管理這些模塊我們需要安裝NPM，安裝過程如下：
1、首先準(zhǔn)備目錄權(quán)限，不要以ROOT帳號(hào)安裝，>sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local
fedora下，先用root更改權(quán)限 chown -R $USER /usr/local 之后退出root
2、安裝NPM，>curl http://npmjs.org/install.sh | sh
3、完成后安裝第三方模塊也很簡(jiǎn)單，>npm install modules_name，安裝Express，>npm install express
注：如果安裝模塊的過程中報(bào)域名錯(cuò)誤的話，請(qǐng)清空緩存 >npm cache clean 或重啟計(jì)算機(jī)即可

更新說明

Build

FreeBSD 10 is no longer supported. #22617

child_process

The default value of the windowsHide option has been changed to true. #21316

console

console.countReset() will emit a warning if the timer being reset does not exist. #21649

console.time() will no longer reset a timer if it already exists. #20442

Dependencies

V8 has been updated to 7.0. #22754

fs

The fs.read() method now requires a callback. #22146

The previously deprecated fs.SyncWriteStream utility has been removed.#20735

http

The http, https, and tls modules now use the WHATWG URL parser by default. #20270

General

Use of process.binding() has been deprecated. Userland code using process.binding() should re-evaluate that use and begin migrating. If there are no supported API alternatives, please open an issue in the Node.js GitHub repository so that a suitable alternative may be discussed.

An experimental implementation of queueMicrotask() has been added. #22951

Internal

Windows performance-counter support has been removed. #22485

The --expose-http2 command-line option has been removed. #20887

Timers

Interval timers will be rescheduled even if previous interval threw an error. #20002

nextTick queue will be run after each immediate and timer. #22842

util

The WHATWG TextEncoder and TextDecoder are now globals. #22281

util.inspect() output size is limited to 128 MB by default. #22756

A runtime warning will be emitted when NODE_DEBUG is set for either http or http2. #21914

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