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SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ實現(xiàn)通配符模式

更新時間：2025年06月12日 09:26:01 作者：新綠MEHO

本文主要介紹了SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ實現(xiàn)通配符模式,包括依賴添加、配置、隊列與交換機(jī)聲明及綁定,生產(chǎn)者發(fā)送消息,兩個消費者分別接收并處理,驗證消息正確分發(fā)至不同隊列,感興趣的可以了解一下

通配符模式

引入依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

添加配置

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: amqp://study:study@47.98.109.138:5672/aaa

常量類

public class Constants {

    //通配符模式
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE1 = "topic.queue1";
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE2 = "topic.queue2";
    public static final String TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "topic.exchange";
}

聲明隊列和交換機(jī)并綁定二者關(guān)系

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    //通配符模式
    @Bean("topicQueue1")
    public Queue topicQueue1(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE1).build();
    }
    @Bean("topicQueue2")
    public Queue topicQueue2(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE2).build();
    }
    @Bean("topicExchange")
    public TopicExchange topicExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(Constants.TOPIC_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }

    @Bean("topicQueueBinding1")
    public Binding topicQueueBinding1(@Qualifier("topicExchange") TopicExchange topicExchange, @Qualifier("topicQueue1") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("*.orange.*");
    }
    @Bean("topicQueueBinding2")
    public Binding topicQueueBinding2(@Qualifier("topicExchange") TopicExchange topicExchange, @Qualifier("topicQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("*.*.rabbit");
    }
    @Bean("topicQueueBinding3")
    public Binding topicQueueBinding3(@Qualifier("topicExchange") TopicExchange topicExchange, @Qualifier("topicQueue2") Queue queue){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("lazy.#");
    }
}

編寫生產(chǎn)者代碼

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@RequestMapping("/producer")
@RestController
public class ProducerController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/topic/{routingKey}")
    public String topic(@PathVariable("routingKey") String routingKey){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Constants.TOPIC_EXCHANGE, routingKey, "hello spring amqp:topic, my routing key is "+routingKey);
        return "發(fā)送成功";
    }
}

編寫消費者代碼（含兩個隊列）

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import rabbitmq.constant.Constants;

@Component
public class TopicListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE1)
    public void queueListener1(String message){
        System.out.println("隊列["+Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE1+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE2)
    public void queueListener2(String message){
        System.out.println("隊列["+Constants.TOPIC_QUEUE2+"] 接收到消息:" +message);
    }
}