JAVA操作elastic?search的詳細過程
1.環(huán)境準備
本文是作者ES系列的第三篇文章,關于ES的核心概念移步:
http://chabaoo.cn/article/255798.htm
關于ES的下載安裝教程以及基本使用,移步:
http://chabaoo.cn/program/2934323c0.htm
在前文中,我們已經(jīng)搭建好了一個es+kibana的基礎環(huán)境,本文將繼續(xù)使用該環(huán)境,演示JAVA操作es。
2.ES JAVA API
Elasticsearch Rest High Level Client 是 Elasticsearch 官方提供的一個 Java 客戶端庫,用于與 Elasticsearch 進行交互。這個客戶端庫是基于 REST 風格的 HTTP 協(xié)議,與 Elasticsearch 進行通信,提供了更高級別的抽象,使得開發(fā)者可以更方便地使用 Java 代碼與 Elasticsearch 進行交互。
依賴:
<dependency> <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId> <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId> <version>7.17.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId> <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId> <version>7.17.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId> <version>2.10.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId> <version>2.0.45</version> </dependency>
其實Rest High Level Client的使用邏輯一共就分散步:
- 拼json
- 創(chuàng)建request
- client執(zhí)行request
創(chuàng)建client:
RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1",9200,"http")));
創(chuàng)建索引:
@Test public void createIndex() throws IOException { //1.拼json //settings Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder() .put("number_of_shards", 3) .put("number_of_replicas", 1); //mappings XContentBuilder mappings = JsonXContent.contentBuilder(). startObject(). startObject("properties"). startObject("name"). field("type", "text"). endObject(). startObject("age"). field("type", "integer"). endObject(). endObject(). endObject(); //2.創(chuàng)建request CreateIndexRequest createIndexRequest = new CreateIndexRequest("person").settings(settings).mapping(mappings); //3.client執(zhí)行request restHighLevelClient.indices().create(createIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); }
創(chuàng)建文檔:
@Test public void createDoc() throws IOException { Person person=new Person("1","zou",20); JSONObject json = JSONObject.from(person); System.out.println(json); IndexRequest request=new IndexRequest("person",null,person.getId().toString()); request.source(json, XContentType.JSON); IndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); System.out.println(response); }
響應結果:
修改文檔:
@Test public void updateDoc() throws IOException { HashMap<String, Object> doc = new HashMap(); doc.put("name","張三"); String docId="1"; UpdateRequest request=new UpdateRequest("person",null,docId); UpdateResponse response = restHighLevelClient.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); System.out.println(response.getResult().toString()); }
刪除文檔:
@Test public void deleteDoc() throws IOException { DeleteRequest request=new DeleteRequest("person",null,"1"); DeleteResponse response = restHighLevelClient.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); System.out.println(response.getResult().toString()); }
響應結果:
搜索示例:
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest; import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse; import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions; import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient; import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue; import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders; import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder; import java.io.IOException; public class ElasticsearchSearchExample { public static void main(String[] args) { // 創(chuàng)建 RestHighLevelClient 實例,連接到 Elasticsearch 集群 RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient( RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")) ); // 構建搜索請求 SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("your_index"); // 替換為實際的索引名稱 // 構建查詢條件 SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder(); searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()); // 查詢所有文檔 // 設置一些可選參數(shù) searchSourceBuilder.from(0); // 設置起始索引,默認為0 searchSourceBuilder.size(10); // 設置返回結果的數(shù)量,默認為10 searchSourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(5000)); // 設置超時時間,默認為1分鐘 // 將查詢條件設置到搜索請求中 searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder); try { // 執(zhí)行搜索請求 SearchResponse searchResponse = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); // 處理搜索響應 System.out.println("Search took: " + searchResponse.getTook()); // 獲取搜索結果 SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); System.out.println("Total hits: " + hits.getTotalHits().value); // 遍歷搜索結果 for (SearchHit hit : hits.getHits()) { System.out.println("Document ID: " + hit.getId()); System.out.println("Source: " + hit.getSourceAsString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // 處理異常 e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { // 關閉客戶端連接 client.close(); } catch (IOException e) { // 處理關閉連接異常 e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
請注意,上述示例中的 your_index
應該替換為你實際的 Elasticsearch 索引名稱。這個示例使用了簡單的 matchAllQuery
,你可以根據(jù)實際需求構建更復雜的查詢條件。在搜索響應中,你可以獲取到搜索的結果以及相關的元數(shù)據(jù)。
3.Spring Boot操作ES
在 Spring Boot 中操作 Elasticsearch 通常使用 Spring Data Elasticsearch,以標準的JPA的模式來操作ES。
依賴:
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.6.x</version> <!-- 選擇一個與Elasticsearch 7.17.3兼容的Spring Boot版本 --> </parent> <dependencies> <!-- Spring Boot Starter Web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring Data Elasticsearch --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring Boot Starter Test (for testing) --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> application.properties配置:
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=localhost:9200
實體類:
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType; import java.util.Date; @Document(indexName = "blogpost_index") public class BlogPost { @Id private String id; @Field(type = FieldType.Text) private String title; @Field(type = FieldType.Text) private String content; @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword) private String author; @Field(type = FieldType.Date) private Date publishDate; // 構造函數(shù)、getter和setter public BlogPost() { } public BlogPost(String id, String title, String content, String author, Date publishDate) { this.id = id; this.title = title; this.content = content; this.author = author; this.publishDate = publishDate; } // 省略 getter 和 setter 方法 }
dao層:
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository; public interface BlogPostRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<BlogPost, String> { // 你可以在這里定義自定義查詢方法 }
service層:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; import java.util.Optional; @Service public class BlogPostService { private final BlogPostRepository blogPostRepository; @Autowired public BlogPostService(BlogPostRepository blogPostRepository) { this.blogPostRepository = blogPostRepository; } public BlogPost save(BlogPost blogPost) { return blogPostRepository.save(blogPost); } public Optional<BlogPost> findById(String id) { return blogPostRepository.findById(id); } public List<BlogPost> findAll() { return (List<BlogPost>) blogPostRepository.findAll(); } public void deleteById(String id) { blogPostRepository.deleteById(id); } }
到此這篇關于JAVA操作elastic search的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Java操作elastic search內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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