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Java中使用MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例Demo

 更新時(shí)間：2023年12月09日 16:20:40   作者：栗箏i  
MongoDB是由C++語(yǔ)言編寫的,基于分布式文件存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),是一個(gè)介于關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和非關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之間的產(chǎn)品,是最接近于關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的NoSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),下面這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于Java中使用MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

前言

除了通過(guò)啟動(dòng) mongo 進(jìn)程進(jìn)如 Shell 環(huán)境訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)外，MongoDB 還提供了其他基于編程語(yǔ)言的訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)方法。MongoDB 官方提供了 Java 語(yǔ)言的驅(qū)動(dòng)包，利用這些驅(qū)動(dòng)包可使用多種編程方法來(lái)連接并操作 MongoDB 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。

想要在 Java 程序中使用 MongoDB，需要確保您的電腦上已經(jīng)安裝了 MongoDB，并搭建好了 Java 的環(huán)境。

本篇內(nèi)容主要介紹：Java 實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì) MongDB 的操作、Java 操作 MongoDB 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) Demo

一、Java 實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì) MongDB 的操作

1、前提條件

除了通過(guò)啟動(dòng) mongo 進(jìn)程進(jìn)如 Shell 環(huán)境訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)外，MongoDB 還提供了其他基于編程語(yǔ)言的訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)方法。MongoDB 官方提供了 Java 語(yǔ)言的驅(qū)動(dòng)包，利用這些驅(qū)動(dòng)包可使用多種編程方法來(lái)連接并操作 MongoDB 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。

想要在 Java 程序中使用 MongoDB，需要確保您的電腦上已經(jīng)安裝了 MongoDB，并搭建好了 Java 的環(huán)境。

2、添加依賴

在 Maven 中添加以下依賴來(lái)使用操作 MongoDB 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)：

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
            <artifactId>bson</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
            <artifactId>mongodb-driver</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
            <artifactId>mongodb-driver-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.11</version>
        </dependency>
       
        ...
    </dependencies>

二、Java 操作 MongoDB 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) Demo

1、連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
 * @date 2023-01-04 5:19 下午
 **/
public class ConnectToMongodb {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi

2、創(chuàng)建集合

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 創(chuàng)建集合
 * @date 2023-01-04 7:36 下午
 **/
public class CreatingCollection {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 創(chuàng)建集合
        database.createCollection("lizhengi_test_3");
        System.out.println("create collection successfully!");
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi

create collection successfully!

3、列出所有集合

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 列出所有集合
 * @date 2023-01-04 7:56 下午
 **/
public class ListOfCollection {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 檢索集合列表
        for (String name : database.listCollectionNames()) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi

lizhengi
lizhengi_test_3
lizhengi_test_2

4、獲取/選擇集合

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 獲取/選擇集合
 * @date 2023-01-04 7:40 下午
 **/
public class SelectingCollection {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 創(chuàng)建集合
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("chose collection : " + collection.getNamespace());
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi
chose collection : lizhengi.lizhengi

5、插入文檔

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 插入文檔
 * @date 2023-01-04 7:45 下午
 **/
public class InsertingDocument {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 檢索集合
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("chose collection : " + collection.getNamespace());

        Document document = new Document("title", "MongoDB")
                .append("description", "database")
                .append("likes", 200)
                .append("url", "https://lizhengi.blog.csdn.net/")
                .append("by", "lizhengi");

        // 將文檔插入到集合中
        collection.insertOne(document);
        System.out.println("Document insert successfully!");
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi
chose collection : lizhengi.lizhengi

Document insert successfully!

6、查詢文檔

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 查詢文檔
 * @date 2023-01-04 7:52 下午
 **/
public class RetrievingAllDocuments {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 檢索集合
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("chose collection : " + collection.getNamespace());

        // 獲取 iterable 對(duì)象
        FindIterable<Document> iterDoc = collection.find();
        int i = 1;
        // 獲取迭代器
        for (Document document : iterDoc) {
            System.out.println(document);
            i++;
        }
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi
chose collection : lizhengi.lizhengi

Document{{_id=63b5676adcb7bc291eb5285d, title=MongoDB, description=database, likes=200, url=https://lizhengi.blog.csdn.net/, by=lizhengi}}
Document{{_id=63b568fa76a0f93c0a6c9f2a, title=MongoDB, description=database, likes=200, url=https://lizhengi.blog.csdn.net/, by=lizhengi2}}

7、更新文檔

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;
import com.mongodb.client.model.Updates;
import org.bson.Document;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 更新文檔
 * @date 2023-01-04 7:59 下午
 **/
public class UpdatingDocuments {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 檢索集合
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("chose collection : " + collection.getNamespace());

        // 更新單個(gè)可用 updateOne
        collection.updateMany(Filters.eq("title", "MongoDB"), Updates.set("likes", 150));
        System.out.println("Document update successfully...");
        // 更新后檢索文檔
        // 獲取 iterable 對(duì)象
        FindIterable<Document> iterDoc = collection.find();
        int i = 1;
        // 獲取迭代器
        for (Document document : iterDoc) {
            System.out.println(document);
            i++;
        }
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName='lizhengi', source='lizhengi', password=<hidden>, mechanismProperties=<hidden>}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi
chose collection : lizhengi.lizhengi
Document update successfully...
Document{{_id=63b5676adcb7bc291eb5285d, title=MongoDB, description=database, likes=150, url=https://lizhengi.blog.csdn.net/, by=lizhengi}}
Document{{_id=63b568fa76a0f93c0a6c9f2a, title=MongoDB, description=database, likes=200, url=https://lizhengi.blog.csdn.net/, by=lizhengi2}}

8、刪除文檔

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;
import org.bson.Document;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 刪除文檔
 * @date 2023-01-04 8:03 下午
 **/
public class DeletingDocuments {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 檢索集合
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("chose collection : " + collection.getNamespace());

        // 刪除文檔 刪除多個(gè)可用 deleteMany
        collection.deleteOne(Filters.eq("title", "MongoDB"));
        System.out.println("Document delete successfully...");
        // 刪除后檢索文檔
        // 獲取 iterable 對(duì)象
        FindIterable<Document> iterDoc = collection.find();
        int i = 1;
        // 獲取迭代器
        for (Document document : iterDoc) {
            System.out.println(document);
            i++;
        }
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi
chose collection : lizhengi.lizhengi

Document delete successfully…
Document{{_id=63b568fa76a0f93c0a6c9f2a, title=MongoDB, description=database, likes=200, url=https://lizhengi.blog.csdn.net/, by=lizhengi2}}

9、刪除集合

package com.lizhengi.demo;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;

/**
 * @author liziheng
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @description 刪除集合
 * @date 2023-01-04 8:06 下午
 **/
public class DropingCollection {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 創(chuàng)建 MongoDB 連接
        MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

        // 連接到 MongoDB
        MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createCredential("lizhengi", "lizhengi", "password".toCharArray());
        System.out.println("Credentials ::" + credential);

        // 訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        MongoDatabase database = mongo.getDatabase("lizhengi");
        System.out.println("Connect to database successfully!");
        System.out.println("MongoDatabase info is : " + database.getName());

        // 檢索集合
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("lizhengi_test_3");
        System.out.println("chose collection : " + collection.getNamespace());
        // 刪除集合
        collection.drop();
        System.out.println("drop collection : " + collection.getNamespace());

        // 檢索集合列表
        for (String name : database.listCollectionNames()) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }
    }
}

運(yùn)行 Main 函數(shù)，返回以下結(jié)果：

Credentials ::MongoCredential{mechanism=null, userName=‘lizhengi’, source=‘lizhengi’, password=, mechanismProperties=}
Connect to database successfully!
MongoDatabase info is : lizhengi
chose collection : lizhengi.lizhengi_test_3

drop collection : lizhengi.lizhengi_test_3
lizhengi
lizhengi_test_2

總結(jié) 

到此這篇關(guān)于Java中使用MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Java使用MongoDB內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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