概述

在 React 應用中，防抖（Debounce）技術可以有效地限制函數(shù)在短時間內的頻繁調用，特別適用于表單提交場景。本文將詳細介紹如何利用 Lodash 庫中的 debounce 函數(shù)，在 React 表單提交中實現(xiàn)防抖功能。

防抖原理

防抖技術的核心思想是：在指定的延遲時間內，如果再次觸發(fā)事件，則重新開始計時。只有當延遲時間完全結束后，才會執(zhí)行目標函數(shù)。這樣可以防止函數(shù)因為頻繁的觸發(fā)而導致的不必要的計算或者操作。

實現(xiàn)步驟

• 引入依賴: 首先，在 React 組件中引入 Lodash 庫和所需的 React 鉤子。
• 創(chuàng)建引用變量: 使用 useRef 創(chuàng)建一個引用變量 hasClicked，用于追蹤按鈕的點擊狀態(tài)。
• 定義操作函數(shù): 定義一個 doSomething 函數(shù)，這里可以放置表單提交的邏輯或其他需要執(zhí)行的操作。
• 應用 Debounce: 利用 useCallback 鉤子和 Lodash 的 _.debounce 方法，創(chuàng)建一個防抖函數(shù) debouncedFunction。這個函數(shù)負責重置 hasClicked 狀態(tài)。
• 處理點擊事件: 在 handleClick 函數(shù)中，通過檢查 hasClicked 的狀態(tài)來決定是否執(zhí)行操作。如果按鈕未被點擊過，則執(zhí)行 doSomething，并通過調用 debouncedFunction 啟動防抖計時器。如果按鈕已被點擊，顯示提示信息。
• 渲染組件: 在組件中渲染一個按鈕，并將 handleClick 函數(shù)綁定到其點擊事件。

完整代碼示例

import React, { useCallback, useRef } from 'react';
import _ from 'lodash';
import { message } from 'antd';

const MyComponent = () => {
    const hasClicked = useRef(false);

    const doSomething = () => {
        console.log('執(zhí)行操作');
        // 這里放置表單提交或其他操作的邏輯
    };

    const debouncedFunction = useCallback(_.debounce(() => {
        hasClicked.current = false;
    }, 1000), []);

    const handleClick = () => {
        if (!hasClicked.current) {
            doSomething();
            hasClicked.current = true;
            debouncedFunction();
        } else {
            message.info('請稍后再試');
        }
    };

    return (
        <button onClick={handleClick}>
            點擊我
        </button>
    );
};

export default MyComponent;

English Version

Implementing Debounce in React Form Submissions Using Lodash

Overview

In React applications, debounce is a technique to limit frequent function calls over a short period, particularly useful in form submission scenarios. This article details how to use the debounce function from the Lodash library to implement debounce in React form submissions.

Principle of Debounce

The core idea of debounce is: if the event is triggered again within a specified delay period, the timer resets. The target function is executed only after the delay period has fully elapsed. This prevents unnecessary computations or operations due to frequent triggering of the function.

Implementation Steps

Import Dependencies: First, import the Lodash library and necessary React hooks in your React component.

Create Reference Variable: Use useRef to create a reference variable hasClicked to track the button's click status.

Define Action Function: Define a doSomething function where you can place the logic for form submission or other actions to be executed.

Apply Debounce: Create a debounced function debouncedFunction using the useCallback hook and Lodash's _.debounce method. This function is responsible for resetting the hasClicked state.

Handle Click Event: In the handleClick function, decide whether to perform the action based on the state of hasClicked. If the button has not

been clicked, execute doSomething and start the debounce timer by calling debouncedFunction. If the button has already been clicked, display a message.

Render Component: Render a button in the component and bind the handleClick function to its click event.

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