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ASP.NET Core中的對(duì)象池化技術(shù)詳解

更新時(shí)間：2024年01月22日 10:40:44 作者：rjcql

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了ASP.NET Core中的對(duì)象池化技術(shù)的相關(guān)知識(shí),文中的示例代碼講解詳細(xì),感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下

寫在前面

Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool 是 ASP.NET Core 基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分，當(dāng)對(duì)象的初始化成本較高，并且可能被頻繁使用時(shí)，才適合采用對(duì)象池技術(shù)；被ObjectPool管理的對(duì)象不會(huì)進(jìn)入垃圾回收，使用時(shí)通過(guò)由實(shí)例對(duì)象實(shí)現(xiàn)的Get()方法，從對(duì)象池中借出對(duì)象，用完之后調(diào)用Return(T obj)方法，將對(duì)象還回去。也可以在Return(T obj)方法中設(shè)置判斷條件，僅允許特定的對(duì)象進(jìn)入對(duì)象池。

通過(guò)NuGet 獲取 Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool 類庫(kù)

代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
using Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
 
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
 
// DefaultPooledObjectPolicy: 默認(rèn)的策略，繼承抽象類PooledObjectPolicy
builder.Services.TryAddSingleton<ObjectPoolProvider, DefaultObjectPoolProvider>();
 
builder.Services.TryAddSingleton<ObjectPool<ReusableBuffer>>(serviceProvider =>
{
    var provider = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ObjectPoolProvider>();
    var policy = new DefaultPooledObjectPolicy<ReusableBuffer>();
    return provider.Create(policy);
});
 
builder.Services.TryAddSingleton<ObjectPool<Person>>(serviceProvider => {
    var provider = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ObjectPoolProvider>();
    var policy = new PersonPoolPolicy();
    return provider.Create(policy);
});
 
builder.Services.TryAddSingleton<ObjectPool<StringBuilder>>(serviceProvider =>
{
    var provider = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ObjectPoolProvider>();
    var policy = new StringBuilderPooledObjectPolicy();
    return provider.Create(policy);
});
 
var app = builder.Build();
 
// config middleware
app.UseMiddleware<BirthdayMiddleware>();
 
app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello rjcql!");
 
// return the SHA256 hash of a word 
http://localhost:5128/hash/xxxx
app.MapGet("/hash/{word}", (string word, ObjectPool<ReusableBuffer> bufferPool) =>
{
 
    var buffer = bufferPool.Get();
    try
    {
        // Set the buffer data to the ASCII values of a word
        for (var i = 0; i < word.Length; i++)
        {
            buffer.Data[i] = (byte)word[i];
        }
 
        Span<byte> hash = stackalloc byte[32];
        SHA256.HashData(buffer.Data.AsSpan(0, word.Length), hash);
        return "Hash: " + Convert.ToHexString(hash);
    }
    finally
    {
        // Data is automatically reset because this type implemented IResettable
        bufferPool.Return(buffer);
    }
});
 
app.MapGet("/create/{name}", (string name, ObjectPool<Person> personPool) =>
{
    var person = personPool.Get();
    try
    {
        person.Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N");
        var lastName = person.Name; // 這個(gè)是上一個(gè)對(duì)象的值
        person.Name = name;
        return $"{person.Id}:{person.Name}, {lastName}";
    }
    finally
    {
        // 根據(jù)條件回收
        personPool.Return(person);
    }
});
 
app.Run();
 
public class ReusableBuffer : IResettable
{
    public byte[] Data { get; } = new byte[1024 * 1024]; // 1 MB
 
    public bool TryReset()
    {
        Array.Clear(Data);
        return true;
    }
}
 
public class Person
{
    public string Id { get; set; }
 
    public string Name { get; set; }
}
 
public class PersonPoolPolicy : PooledObjectPolicy<Person>
{
    public override Person Create()
    {
        return new Person { Id = "", Name = "rjcql" };
    }
 
    public override bool Return(Person p)
    {
        if (p.Name != "rjcql")
        {
            // 不允許其他名稱的對(duì)象放入對(duì)象池
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
}
 
/// <summary>
/// 創(chuàng)建中間件
/// </summary>
public class BirthdayMiddleware
{
    private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
 
    public BirthdayMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
    {
        _next = next;
    }
 
    public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, ObjectPool<StringBuilder> builderPool)
    {
        var stringBuilder = builderPool.Get();
        try
        {
            stringBuilder.Append("Hi");
            // 在中間干點(diǎn)啥別的
            // await context.Response.WriteAsync(stringBuilder.ToString());
            await _next.Invoke(context);
        }
        finally // 即使出錯(cuò)也要保證歸還對(duì)象
        {
            builderPool.Return(stringBuilder);
        }
    }
}