Android Handler消息派發(fā)機(jī)制源碼分析
注:這里只是說(shuō)一下sendmessage的一個(gè)過(guò)程,post就類似的
如果我們需要發(fā)送消息,會(huì)調(diào)用sendMessage方法
public final boolean sendMessage(Message msg) { return sendMessageDelayed(msg, 0); }
這個(gè)方法會(huì)調(diào)用如下的這個(gè)方法
public final boolean sendMessageDelayed(Message msg, long delayMillis) { if (delayMillis < 0) { delayMillis = 0; } return sendMessageAtTime(msg, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + delayMillis); }
接下來(lái)設(shè)定延遲時(shí)間,然后繼續(xù)調(diào)用sendMessageAtTime方法
public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis) { MessageQueue queue = mQueue; if (queue == null) { RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException( this + " sendMessageAtTime() called with no mQueue"); Log.w("Looper", e.getMessage(), e); return false; } return enqueueMessage(queue, msg, uptimeMillis); }
這里獲得了消息隊(duì)列,檢查隊(duì)列是否存在,然后返回enqueMessage的方法的執(zhí)行結(jié)果,這個(gè)結(jié)果是說(shuō)明消息能否進(jìn)入隊(duì)列的一個(gè)布爾值
private boolean enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue, Message msg, long uptimeMillis) { msg.target = this; if (mAsynchronous) { msg.setAsynchronous(true); } return queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis); }
這里是對(duì)消息進(jìn)行入隊(duì)處理,下面就是在MessageQueue中對(duì)消息進(jìn)行入隊(duì)
boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) { if (msg.target == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message must have a target."); } if (msg.isInUse()) { throw new IllegalStateException(msg + " This message is already in use."); } synchronized (this) { if (mQuitting) { IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException( msg.target + " sending message to a Handler on a dead thread"); Log.w(TAG, e.getMessage(), e); msg.recycle(); return false; } msg.markInUse(); msg.when = when; Message p = mMessages; boolean needWake; if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) { // New head, wake up the event queue if blocked. msg.next = p; mMessages = msg; needWake = mBlocked; } else { // Inserted within the middle of the queue. Usually we don't have to wake // up the event queue unless there is a barrier at the head of the queue // and the message is the earliest asynchronous message in the queue. needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous(); Message prev; for (;;) { prev = p; p = p.next; if (p == null || when < p.when) { break; } if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) { needWake = false; } } msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next prev.next = msg; } // We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting is false. if (needWake) { nativeWake(mPtr); } } return true; }
就是對(duì)傳遞過(guò)來(lái)的消息進(jìn)行一些封裝然后放到隊(duì)列中,至此我們的sendMessage處理完畢,返回的結(jié)果是進(jìn)隊(duì)是否成功的布爾值,那么究竟消息之后是如何被處理的呢?
我們可以看到在Handler構(gòu)造的時(shí)候記錄了一個(gè)Looper對(duì)象,也記錄了一個(gè)回掉函數(shù)
public Handler(Callback callback, boolean async) { if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) { final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass(); if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) && (klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) { Log.w(TAG, "The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " + klass.getCanonicalName()); } } mLooper = Looper.myLooper(); if (mLooper == null) { throw new RuntimeException( "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()"); } mQueue = mLooper.mQueue; mCallback = callback; mAsynchronous = async; }
這里的myLooper方法返回的是當(dāng)前線程關(guān)聯(lián)的一個(gè)Looper對(duì)象
public static @Nullable Looper myLooper() { return sThreadLocal.get(); }
當(dāng)Looper實(shí)例化了以后會(huì)執(zhí)行自己的prepare方法然后執(zhí)行l(wèi)oop方法,loop方法就是不斷的讀取消息隊(duì)列中的消息然后執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的操作的方法,因?yàn)槭窃谄渌€程中執(zhí)行的循環(huán)所以不會(huì)影響其他線程
public static void loop() { final Looper me = myLooper(); if (me == null) { throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread."); } final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue; // Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process, // and keep track of what that identity token actually is. Binder.clearCallingIdentity(); final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity(); for (;;) { Message msg = queue.next(); // might block if (msg == null) { // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting. return; } // This must be in a local variable, in case a UI event sets the logger Printer logging = me.mLogging; if (logging != null) { logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback + ": " + msg.what); } msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg); if (logging != null) { logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback); } // Make sure that during the course of dispatching the // identity of the thread wasn't corrupted. final long newIdent = Binder.clearCallingIdentity(); if (ident != newIdent) { Log.wtf(TAG, "Thread identity changed from 0x" + Long.toHexString(ident) + " to 0x" + Long.toHexString(newIdent) + " while dispatching to " + msg.target.getClass().getName() + " " + msg.callback + " what=" + msg.what); } msg.recycleUnchecked(); } }
在循環(huán)中如果讀取到了消息,就會(huì)執(zhí)行dispatchMessage方法,然后分派完消息之后再執(zhí)行一次recycleUnchecked方法來(lái)重用這個(gè)Message,我們看到dispatchMessage方法
public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) { if (msg.callback != null) { handleCallback(msg); } else { if (mCallback != null) { if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) { return; } } handleMessage(msg); } }
這里看到直接執(zhí)行了一個(gè)handlerMessage方法,這個(gè)方法是一個(gè)回調(diào)方法,我們是必須實(shí)現(xiàn)的,否則Handler什么都不會(huì)做,為什么呢?還記得剛剛說(shuō)構(gòu)造Handler的時(shí)候我們記錄了一個(gè)CallBack的回掉嗎?Handler中的這個(gè)handlerMessage方法是一個(gè)空方法,如果我們重寫了這個(gè)方法,在回調(diào)的時(shí)候就會(huì)執(zhí)行我們先寫下的代碼,也就是接收到消息之后要做什么。
public interface Callback { public boolean handleMessage(Message msg); } public void handleMessage(Message msg) { }
這里簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)下整個(gè)過(guò)程:
當(dāng)我們實(shí)例化一個(gè)Handler的子類并重寫handleMessage方法之后,這個(gè)時(shí)候系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)幫我們做了幾個(gè)事情
1.實(shí)例化了一個(gè)消息隊(duì)列MessageQueue
2.實(shí)例化了一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)的Looper對(duì)象,并讓Looper不斷的讀取消息隊(duì)列
3.把我們重寫的handleMessage方法記錄為我們需要回調(diào)的方法
當(dāng)我們執(zhí)行Handler的sendMessage方法的時(shí)候,系統(tǒng)會(huì)把我們傳過(guò)去的Message對(duì)象添加到消息隊(duì)列,這個(gè)時(shí)候如果Looper讀取到了消息,就會(huì)把消息派發(fā)出去,然后回調(diào)handleMessage方法,執(zhí)行我們?cè)O(shè)定的代碼。
以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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