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Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) DGbroker三種保護(hù)模式的切換

 更新時(shí)間:2015年12月22日 11:05:18   作者:vijayfly  
這篇文章主要介紹了Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) DGbroker三種保護(hù)模式的切換 的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

1.三種保護(hù)模式

  – Maximum protection

在Maximum protection下, 可以保證從庫(kù)和主庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)完全一樣,做到zero data loss.事務(wù)同時(shí)在主從兩邊提交完成,才算事務(wù)完成。如果從庫(kù)宕機(jī)或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,主從庫(kù)不能通訊,主庫(kù)也立即宕機(jī)。在這種方式下,具有最高的保護(hù)等級(jí)。但是這種模式對(duì)主庫(kù)性能影響很大,要求高速的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接。

  – Maximum availability

在Maximum availability模式下,如果和從庫(kù)的連接正常,運(yùn)行方式等同Maximum protection模式,事務(wù)也是主從庫(kù)同時(shí)提交。如果從庫(kù)和主庫(kù)失去聯(lián)系,則主庫(kù)自動(dòng)切換到Maximum performance模式下運(yùn)行,保證主庫(kù)具有最大的可用性。

  – Maximum performance

 在Maximum performance,主庫(kù)把歸檔的 archived log通過(guò)arch進(jìn)程傳遞給從庫(kù),在這種方式下,主庫(kù)運(yùn)行性能最高,但是不能保證數(shù)據(jù)不丟失,且丟失的數(shù)據(jù)受redo log的大小影響。在redo log過(guò)大的情況下,可能一天都沒(méi)有歸檔一個(gè)日志,可以通過(guò)手工切換日志的方式來(lái)減小數(shù)據(jù)的丟失。

2.模式切換(Maximum performance切換至Maximum availability)

  a.查看保護(hù)的模式

     DGbroker查看:

DGMGRL> show configuration verbose;
Configuration - dgc
 Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
 Databases:
 atest1 - Primary database
 atest2 - Physical standby database
 Properties:
 FastStartFailoverThreshold  = '30'
 OperationTimeout    = '30'
 FastStartFailoverLagLimit  = '30'
 CommunicationTimeout   = '180'
 ObserverReconnect    = '0'
 FastStartFailoverAutoReinstate = 'TRUE'
 FastStartFailoverPmyShutdown = 'TRUE'
 BystandersFollowRoleChange  = 'ALL'
 ObserverOverride    = 'FALSE'
 ExternalDestination1   = ''
 ExternalDestination2   = ''
 PrimaryLostWriteAction   = 'CONTINUE'
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS 

     sqlplus查看:

SQL> select database_role,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE  PROTECTION_MODE  PROTECTION_LEVEL
---------------- -------------------- --------------------
PRIMARY  MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE 

  b.查看備庫(kù)的日志傳輸模式(參數(shù)LogXptMode(sync:同步傳輸/async:異步傳輸))

DGMGRL> show database verbose 'atest2';
Database - atest2
 Role:   PHYSICAL STANDBY
 Intended State: APPLY-ON
 Transport Lag: 0 seconds (computed 1 second ago)
 Apply Lag:  0 seconds (computed 1 second ago)
 Apply Rate:  97.00 KByte/s
 Real Time Query: ON
 Instance(s):
 atest
 Properties:
 DGConnectIdentifier    = 'atest2'
 ObserverConnectIdentifier  = ''
 LogXptMode      = 'sync'
 DelayMins      = '0'
 Binding       = 'optional'
 MaxFailure      = '0'
 MaxConnections     = '1'
 ReopenSecs      = '300'
 NetTimeout      = '30'
 RedoCompression     = 'DISABLE'
 LogShipping      = 'ON'
 PreferredApplyInstance   = ''
 ApplyInstanceTimeout   = '0'
 ApplyParallel     = 'AUTO'
 StandbyFileManagement   = 'AUTO'
 ArchiveLagTarget    = '0'
 LogArchiveMaxProcesses   = '4'
 LogArchiveMinSucceedDest  = '1'
 DbFileNameConvert    = ''
 LogFileNameConvert    = ''
 FastStartFailoverTarget   = ''
 InconsistentProperties   = '(monitor)'
 InconsistentLogXptProps   = '(monitor)'
 SendQEntries     = '(monitor)'
 LogXptStatus     = '(monitor)'
 RecvQEntries     = '(monitor)'
 ApplyLagThreshold    = '0'
 TransportLagThreshold   = '0'
 TransportDisconnectedThreshold = '30'
 SidName       = 'atest'
 StaticConnectIdentifier   = '(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vijay02.database.com)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=atest2_DGMGRL)(INSTANCE_NAME=atest)(SERVER=DEDICATED)))'
 StandbyArchiveLocation   = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/archivelog'
 AlternateLocation    = ''
 LogArchiveTrace     = '0'
 LogArchiveFormat    = '%t_%s_%r.dbf'
 TopWaitEvents     = '(monitor)'
Database Status:
SUCCESS 

  c.如果LogXptMode的值為async,就要將其修改為sync

DGMGRL> edit database atest1 set property logxptmode=sync;
Property "logxptmode" updated 

  d.修改完之后再次確認(rèn)LogXptMode的值,如步驟b

  e.切換模式(如果切換失敗,則再次去確認(rèn)備庫(kù)LogXptMode的值)

DGMGRL> edit configuration set protection mode as maxavailability;
Succeeded.

  f. 確認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的的保護(hù)模式,如步驟a

  g.需要注意的是,步驟c中修改的sync是備庫(kù)的值,切記!

 3.個(gè)人小結(jié):

  a.三種模式在可以在DGbroker中自由切換(使用步驟2的方式)(在測(cè)試庫(kù)中),正常情況下,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)能迅速反應(yīng)過(guò)來(lái)(查看保護(hù)模式的時(shí)候)。

  b.使用Maximum performance的時(shí)候,參數(shù)(備庫(kù))LogXptMode設(shè)置為async就好/

  c.使用Maximum protection或者M(jìn)aximum availability的時(shí)候,參數(shù)(備庫(kù))LogXptMode要設(shè)置為sync。

  d.(經(jīng)測(cè)試)使用Maximum protection時(shí),當(dāng)備庫(kù)出現(xiàn)異常(如網(wǎng)絡(luò)問(wèn)題,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)宕機(jī)),主庫(kù)會(huì)掛起(告警日志會(huì)報(bào)如下錯(cuò)誤),當(dāng)備庫(kù)恢復(fù)正常之后,主庫(kù)也會(huì)恢復(fù)。

LGWR: Error 1034 attaching to RFS for reconnect

  e.使用Maximum protection時(shí),在當(dāng)備庫(kù)出現(xiàn)異常的情況下,當(dāng)主庫(kù)掛起時(shí),(主庫(kù))可以強(qiáng)制切換到 Maximum performance,但當(dāng)重新切回Maximum protection(在備庫(kù)恢復(fù)時(shí)),主庫(kù)需重啟。

DGMGRL> edit configuration set protection mode as maxprotection;
Operation requires shutdown of instance "atest" on database "atest1"
Shutting down instance "atest"...
Unable to connect to database
ORA-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist
Failed.
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
Please complete the following steps to finish the operation:
 shut down instance "atest" of database "atest1"
 start up instance "atest" of database "atest1"

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