Vue3中操作ref的四種使用方式示例代碼(建議收藏)
前言
最近產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理提出了很多用戶體驗優(yōu)化的需求,涉及到很多dom的操作。
小張:“老鐵,本來開發(fā)Vue2項目操作dom挺簡單的,現(xiàn)在開發(fā)vue3項目,突然感覺一頭霧水!”
我:“沒事,原理都差不多,查查資料應(yīng)該沒問題的!”
至此將Vue3中dom操作常見的幾種方式總結(jié)一下!
通過ref直接拿到dom引用
<template>
<div class="demo1-container">
<div ref="sectionRef" class="ref-section"></div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue'
const sectionRef = ref()
</script>通過對div元素添加了ref屬性,為了獲取到這個元素,我們聲明了一個與ref屬性名稱相同的變量sectionRef,然后我們通過 sectionRef.value 的形式即可獲取該div元素。
適用場景
單一dom元素或者個數(shù)較少的場景

示例代碼
<template>
<div class="demo1-container">
<p>通過ref直接拿到dom</p>
<div ref="sectionRef" class="ref-section"></div>
<button @click="higherAction" class="btn">變高</button>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue'
const sectionRef = ref()
let height = 100;
const higherAction = () => {
height += 50;
sectionRef.value.style = `height: ${height}px`;
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo1-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.ref-section {
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
background-color: pink;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
}
.btn {
width: 200px;
height: 50px;
background-color: gray;
color: #fff;
margin-top: 100px;
}
}
</style>通過父容器的ref遍歷拿到dom引用
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<div ref="listRef" class="list-section">
<div @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'
const listRef = ref()
通過對父元素添加了ref屬性,并聲明了一個與ref屬性名稱相同的變量listRef,此時通過listRef.value會獲得包含子元素的dom對象

此時可以通過listRef.value.children[index]的形式獲取子元素dom
適用場景
通過v-for循環(huán)生成的固定數(shù)量元素的場景

示例代碼
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<p>通過父容器遍歷拿到dom</p>
<div ref="listRef" class="list-section">
<div @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'
const listRef = ref()
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
})
const higherAction = (index: number) => {
let height = listRef.value.children[index].style.height ? listRef.value.children[index].style.height : '20px';
height = Number(height.replace('px', ''));
listRef.value.children[index].style = `height: ${height + 20}px`;
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo2-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.list-section {
width: 200px;
.list-item {
width: 200px;
height: 20px;
background-color: pink;
color: #333;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
}
}
</style>通過:ref將dom引用放到數(shù)組中
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<div class="list-section">
<div :ref="setRefAction" @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
refList: [] as Array<any>
})
const setRefAction = (el: any) => {
state.refList.push(el);
}
</script>通過:ref循環(huán)調(diào)用setRefAction方法,該方法會默認接收一個el參數(shù),這個參數(shù)就是我們需要獲取的div元素

此時可以通過state.refList[index]的形式獲取子元素dom
適用場景
通過v-for循環(huán)生成的不固定數(shù)量或者多種元素的場景

示例代碼
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<p>通過:ref將dom引用放到數(shù)組中</p>
<div class="list-section">
<div :ref="setRefAction" @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
refList: [] as Array<any>
})
const higherAction = (index: number) => {
let height = state.refList[index].style.height ? state.refList[index].style.height : '20px';
height = Number(height.replace('px', ''));
state.refList[index].style = `height: ${height + 20}px`;
console.log(state.refList[index]);
}
const setRefAction = (el: any) => {
state.refList.push(el);
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo2-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.list-section {
width: 200px;
.list-item {
width: 200px;
height: 20px;
background-color: pink;
color: #333;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
}
}
</style>通過子組件emit傳遞ref
<template>
<div ref="cellRef" @click="cellAction" class="cell-item">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
item: Number
})
const emit = defineEmits(['cellTap']);
const cellRef = ref();
const cellAction = () => {
emit('cellTap', cellRef.value);
}
</script>通過對子組件添加了ref屬性,并聲明了一個與ref屬性名稱相同的變量cellRef,此時可以通過emit將cellRef.value作為一個dom引用傳遞出去

適用場景
多個頁面都可能有操作組件dom的場景

示例代碼
<template>
<div ref="cellRef" @click="cellAction" class="cell-item">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
item: Number
})
const emit = defineEmits(['cellTap']);
const cellRef = ref();
const cellAction = () => {
emit('cellTap', cellRef.value);
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.cell-item {
width: 200px;
height: 20px;
background-color: pink;
color: #333;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
</style><template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<p>通過子組件emit傳遞ref</p>
<div class="list-section">
<Cell :item="item" @cellTap="cellTapHandler" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
</Cell>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
import Cell from '@/components/Cell.vue'
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
refList: [] as Array<any>
})
const cellTapHandler = (el: any) => {
let height = el.style.height ? el.style.height : '20px';
height = Number(height.replace('px', ''));
el.style = `height: ${height + 20}px`;
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo2-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.list-section {
width: 200px;
}
}
</style>寫在最后
推薦幾個作者參與的開源項目,如果項目有幫助到你,歡迎star!
一個簡單的基于Vue3、TS、Vite、qiankun技術(shù)棧的后臺管理項目:www.xkxk.tech
一個基于Vue3、Vite的仿element UI的組件庫項目:ui.xkxk.tech
一個基于Vue3、Vite的炫酷大屏項目:screen.xkxk.tech
到此這篇關(guān)于Vue3中操作ref的四種使用方式示例代碼(建議收藏)的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Vue3操作ref內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
相關(guān)文章
vue實現(xiàn)全屏滾動效果(非fullpage.js)
這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了vue實現(xiàn)全屏滾動效果,非fullpage.js,文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下2020-03-03
Vue.js中動態(tài)更改svg的相關(guān)屬性詳解
這篇文章主要為大家介紹了Vue.js中動態(tài)更改svg的相關(guān)屬性詳解,有需要的朋友可以借鑒參考下,希望能夠有所幫助,祝大家多多進步,早日升職加薪2023-02-02
Vue動態(tài)修改網(wǎng)頁標題的方法及遇到問題
Vue下有很多的方式去修改網(wǎng)頁標題,這里總結(jié)下解決此問題的幾種方案:,需要的朋友可以參考下2019-06-06
Vue單頁式應(yīng)用(Hash模式下)實現(xiàn)微信分享的實例
本篇文章介紹了Vue單頁式應(yīng)用(Hash模式下)實現(xiàn)微信分享的實例,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下2017-07-07

