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圖文講解OpenStack手動(dòng)分布式部署環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備(Queens版)

 更新時(shí)間:2023年03月29日 14:32:21   作者:小強(qiáng)在學(xué)習(xí)的路上  
這篇文章主要介紹了圖文講解OpenStack手動(dòng)分布式部署環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備(Queens版),OpenStack用于部署公有云、私有云,并實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)云項(xiàng)目管理,需要的朋友可以參考下

OpenStack簡(jiǎn)介

OpenStack是由美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局NASA)與Rackspace公司合作研發(fā)并發(fā)起的,以Apache許可證授權(quán)的自由軟件和開(kāi)放源代碼的云計(jì)算技術(shù)解決方案,其是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目也是一個(gè)軟件,主要用于實(shí)現(xiàn)云項(xiàng)目,以云項(xiàng)目操作系統(tǒng)而存在。作用: 用于部署公有云、私有云,并實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)云項(xiàng)目管理。開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言: Python

1、基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備(所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行)  

1.1關(guān)閉防火墻

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

  1.2關(guān)閉selinux

setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

  1.3修改主機(jī)名

#注意改成每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的名字 
hostnamectl set-hostname 節(jié)點(diǎn)名字

  1.4安裝ntp時(shí)間服務(wù)器

        【在控制節(jié)點(diǎn)】

yum install chrony
vi /etc/chrony.conf

systemctl enable chronyd.service && systemctl start chronyd.service

         【在其他節(jié)點(diǎn)】

yum install chrony
server controller iburst
systemctl enable chronyd.service && systemctl start chronyd.service

  1.5修改域名解析

vi /etc/hosts
172.16.21.37    controller
172.16.21.38    compute
172.16.21.39    cinder

  1.6添加yum源

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install centos-release-openstack-queens -y

  1.7更新軟件包 

yum upgrade

  1.8安裝openstack client端

yum install python-openstackclient -y

  1.9安裝openstack-selinux

yum install openstack-selinux -y

2、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)安裝配置(controller節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行)  

2.1安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL -y

  2.2修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
bind-address = 172.16.21.37
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8

  2.3重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

systemctl enable mariadb.service;systemctl start mariadb.service

  2.4初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

[root@controller ~]# mysql_secure_installation
 
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
 
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
 
Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
 
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
 
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
 
 
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
 
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
 
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
 
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.
 
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
 
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!
 
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
 
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
 
Cleaning up...
 
All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
 
Thanks for using MariaDB!

3、安裝RabbitMq并配置(controller節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行)

  • RabbitMq是一種應(yīng)用程序?qū)?yīng)用程序的通信方法。應(yīng)用程序通過(guò)讀寫(xiě)出入隊(duì)列的消息(針對(duì)應(yīng)用程序的數(shù)據(jù))來(lái)通信,而無(wú)需專(zhuān)用連接來(lái)鏈接它們。
  • 消息傳遞指的是程序之間通過(guò)在消息中發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行通信,而不是通過(guò)直接調(diào)用彼此來(lái)通信,直接調(diào)用通常是用于諸如遠(yuǎn)程過(guò)程調(diào)用的技術(shù)。
  • 排隊(duì)指的是應(yīng)用程序通過(guò)隊(duì)列來(lái)通信。隊(duì)列的使用除去了接收和發(fā)送應(yīng)用程序同時(shí)執(zhí)行的要求。

3.1安裝RabbitMq

yum install -y rabbitmq-server

  3.2啟動(dòng)并配置開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service;systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

        查看是否啟動(dòng)成功 

systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service

  3.3添加 openstack 用戶(hù)

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 000000

  3.4給openstack用戶(hù)開(kāi)放權(quán)限

rabbitmqctl set_user_tags openstack administrator
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

        查看一下

[root@controller ~]# rabbitmqctl list_users
Listing users
openstack	[administrator]
guest	[administrator]

        打開(kāi)RabbitMq圖像界面(這一步可以不做)

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
  • web界面登陸測(cè)試:
  • http://172.16.14.224:15672 使用openstack/000000登陸即可 

4、安裝memcached(controller節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行)

  1. memcached是一個(gè)開(kāi)源的、高性能的分布式內(nèi)存對(duì)象緩存系統(tǒng)。
  2. 通過(guò)在內(nèi)存中緩存數(shù)據(jù)和對(duì)象來(lái)減少讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的次數(shù),從而提高網(wǎng)站訪(fǎng)問(wèn)速度,減輕數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)負(fù)載。
  3. memcached是一種內(nèi)存緩存,把經(jīng)常需要存儲(chǔ)的對(duì)象或數(shù)據(jù)存在內(nèi)存中。
  4. 在內(nèi)存中數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)API的方式被存取,數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)過(guò)利用HASH之后被存放到位于內(nèi)存上的HASH表內(nèi),HASH表中的數(shù)據(jù)已key-value的形式存放,由于Memcached滅有實(shí)現(xiàn)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)認(rèn)證及安全管理控制,因此在面向Internet的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)中,Memcached服務(wù)器通常位于用戶(hù)的安全區(qū)域。
yum install memcached python-memcached -y

        修改配置

[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached 
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS="-l controller"                                 
systemctl enable memcached.service;systemctl start memcached.service

        查看是否啟動(dòng)成功 

systemctl status memcached.service

        檢查一下memcache端口: 

5、Etcd服務(wù)安裝(controller節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行)  

5.1安裝服務(wù)

yum install etcd -y 

  5.2編輯/etc/etcd/etcd.conf文件 

 
vi /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
 
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS
#[Member]
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2379"
ETCD_NAME="controller"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://172.16.14.224:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

  5.3設(shè)置服務(wù)開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng) 

systemctl enable etcd;
systemctl start etcd

到這里部署環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備完成

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