Python實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)算器的示例代碼
更新時(shí)間：2022年11月22日 10:12:07 作者：羊必瘦
Tkinter作為 Python GUI 開(kāi)發(fā)工具之一，它具有 GUI 軟件包的必備的常用功能。本文就將利用Tkinter編寫簡(jiǎn)易的計(jì)算器，感興趣的可以了解一下
上次我用我學(xué)習(xí)的python做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)易的計(jì)算器，我對(duì)計(jì)算器進(jìn)行了，更改優(yōu)化，變成了一個(gè)真正的計(jì)算器
實(shí)現(xiàn)流程
1.計(jì)算機(jī)布局
2.計(jì)算機(jī)執(zhí)行
首先導(dǎo)入模塊:
Tkinter 作為 Python GUI 開(kāi)發(fā)工具之一，它具有 GUI 軟件包的必備的常用功能。比如，它提供了十多種不同類型的窗口控件、窗口布局管理器、事件處理機(jī)制等，加之其開(kāi)發(fā)效率高、代碼簡(jiǎn)潔易讀
import tkinter as tk #Python3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)安裝包中自帶tkinter，即不用安裝，導(dǎo)入即可使用。 #可以從命令行運(yùn)行python -m tkinter會(huì)打開(kāi)一個(gè)窗口 #演示一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的Tk接口，證明tkinter已正確安裝在系統(tǒng)上. #python -m tkinter
計(jì)算器布局
1、先完成整個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)的布局及其它輸出結(jié)果的一欄
前面完成整體布局就細(xì)化計(jì)算器中的按鈕
1、前四行代碼是定義按鈕的符號(hào)、長(zhǎng)寬、字體、顏色
2、后四行是按鈕的間距
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('計(jì)算器')
root.geometry('295x280+100+100') #邊距
font = ('宋體', 20)
font_16 = ('宋體', 16)
root.attributes("-alpha", 0.9) #設(shè)置透明度
result_num = tk.StringVar() #賦予可變變量
result_num.set('')
tk.Label(root,
textvariable=result_num, font=font, height=2,
width=20, justify=tk.LEFT, anchor=tk.SE
).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=4) #顯示結(jié)果的布局
button_clear = tk.Button(root, text='C', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2') #定義按鈕的符號(hào)、長(zhǎng)寬、字體、顏色
button_back = tk.Button(root, text='←', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2') #定義按鈕的符號(hào)、長(zhǎng)寬、字體、顏色
button_division = tk.Button(root, text='÷', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2') #定義按鈕的符號(hào)、長(zhǎng)寬、字體、顏色
button_multiplication = tk.Button(root, text='×', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2') #定義按鈕的符號(hào)、長(zhǎng)寬、字體、顏色
button_clear.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_back.grid(row=2, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_division.grid(row=2, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_multiplication.grid(row=2, column=4, padx=4, pady=2) #定義按鈕位置
#依葫蘆畫瓢
button_seven = tk.Button(root, text='7', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_eight = tk.Button(root, text='8', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_nine = tk.Button(root, text='9', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_subtraction = tk.Button(root, text='-', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_seven.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_eight.grid(row=3, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_nine.grid(row=3, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_subtraction.grid(row=3, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
#依葫蘆畫瓢
button_four = tk.Button(root, text='4', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_five = tk.Button(root, text='5', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_six = tk.Button(root, text='6', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_addition = tk.Button(root, text='+', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_four.grid(row=4, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_five.grid(row=4, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_six.grid(row=4, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_addition.grid(row=4, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
#依葫蘆畫瓢
button_one = tk.Button(root, text='1', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_two = tk.Button(root, text='2', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_three = tk.Button(root, text='3', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_equal = tk.Button(root, text='=', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_one.grid(row=5, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_two.grid(row=5, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_three.grid(row=5, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_equal.grid(row=5, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
button_zero1 = tk.Button(root, text=' ', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_zero = tk.Button(root, text='0', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_dot = tk.Button(root, text='.', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_equal2 = tk.Button(root, text=' ', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_zero1.grid(row=6, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_zero.grid(row=6, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_dot.grid(row=6, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_equal2.grid(row=6, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
計(jì)算機(jī)執(zhí)行
計(jì)算器布局完成后（主體和細(xì)節(jié)） 賦予計(jì)算器計(jì)算能力
1、點(diǎn)擊按鈕實(shí)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)結(jié)果輸出欄及計(jì)算器的輸出欄
2、賦予事件能力
def click_button(x):
print('X:\t', x)
result_num.set(result_num.get() + x)
點(diǎn)擊按鈕可以輸入所對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)果 并且調(diào)用lambda函數(shù)計(jì)算輸入結(jié)果并反饋
ambda 函數(shù)是匿名的： 所謂匿名函數(shù)，通俗地說(shuō)就是沒(méi)有名字的函數(shù)。lambda函數(shù)沒(méi)有名字。 lambda 函數(shù)有輸入和輸出： 輸入是傳入到參數(shù)列表argument_list的值，輸出是根據(jù)表達(dá)式expression計(jì)算得到的值。
button_one.config(command=lambda: click_button('1'))
button_two.config(command=lambda: click_button('2'))
button_three.config(command=lambda: click_button('3'))
button_four.config(command=lambda: click_button('4'))
button_five.config(command=lambda: click_button('5'))
button_six.config(command=lambda: click_button('6'))
button_seven.config(command=lambda: click_button('7'))
button_eight.config(command=lambda: click_button('8'))
button_nine.config(command=lambda: click_button('9'))
button_zero.config(command=lambda: click_button('0'))
button_dot.config(command=lambda: click_button('.'))
button_addition.config(command=lambda: click_button('+'))
button_subtraction.config(command=lambda: click_button('-'))
button_multiplication.config(command=lambda: click_button('*'))
button_division.config(command=lambda: click_button('/'))
button_clear.config(command=lambda: btnClearDisplay())
button_equal.config(command=calculation)
調(diào)用calculation時(shí)間用來(lái)計(jì)算輸入結(jié)果 其中str來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)化字符串.
調(diào)用btnClearDisplay清除來(lái)清空輸入結(jié)果
def calculation():
opt_str = result_num.get()
result = eval(opt_str)
result_num.set(str(result))
def btnClearDisplay():
opt_str = result_num.get()
result = eval(str(opt_str))
result_num.set("")
最后一行代碼不需要觸發(fā)lambda 因?yàn)椴恍枰涿瘮?shù)也不用傳遞參數(shù)
button_clear.config(command=lambda: btnClearDisplay()) button_equal.config(command=calculation)
代碼展示
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('計(jì)算器')
root.geometry('295x280+100+100')
font = ('宋體', 20)
font_16 = ('宋體', 16)
root.attributes("-alpha", 0.9)
result_num = tk.StringVar()
result_num.set('')
tk.Label(root,
textvariable=result_num, font=font, height=2,
width=20, justify=tk.LEFT, anchor=tk.SE
).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=4)
button_clear = tk.Button(root, text='C', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_back = tk.Button(root, text='←', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_division = tk.Button(root, text='÷', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_multiplication = tk.Button(root, text='×', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_clear.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_back.grid(row=2, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_division.grid(row=2, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_multiplication.grid(row=2, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
button_seven = tk.Button(root, text='7', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_eight = tk.Button(root, text='8', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_nine = tk.Button(root, text='9', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_subtraction = tk.Button(root, text='-', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_seven.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_eight.grid(row=3, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_nine.grid(row=3, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_subtraction.grid(row=3, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
button_four = tk.Button(root, text='4', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_five = tk.Button(root, text='5', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_six = tk.Button(root, text='6', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_addition = tk.Button(root, text='+', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_four.grid(row=4, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_five.grid(row=4, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_six.grid(row=4, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_addition.grid(row=4, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
button_one = tk.Button(root, text='1', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_two = tk.Button(root, text='2', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_three = tk.Button(root, text='3', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_equal = tk.Button(root, text='=', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_one.grid(row=5, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_two.grid(row=5, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_three.grid(row=5, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_equal.grid(row=5, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
button_zero1 = tk.Button(root, text=' ', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_zero = tk.Button(root, text='0', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_dot = tk.Button(root, text='.', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#eacda1')
button_equal2 = tk.Button(root, text=' ', width=5, font=font_16, relief=tk.FLAT, bg='#b1b2b2')
button_zero1.grid(row=6, column=1, padx=4, pady=2)
button_zero.grid(row=6, column=2, padx=4, pady=2)
button_dot.grid(row=6, column=3, padx=4, pady=2)
button_equal2.grid(row=6, column=4, padx=4, pady=2)
def click_button(x):
print('X:\t', x)
result_num.set(result_num.get() + x)
def calculation():
opt_str = result_num.get()
result = eval(opt_str)
result_num.set(str(result))
def btnClearDisplay():
opt_str = result_num.get()
result = eval(str(opt_str))
result_num.set("")
button_one.config(command=lambda: click_button('1'))
button_two.config(command=lambda: click_button('2'))
button_three.config(command=lambda: click_button('3'))
button_four.config(command=lambda: click_button('4'))
button_five.config(command=lambda: click_button('5'))
button_six.config(command=lambda: click_button('6'))
button_seven.config(command=lambda: click_button('7'))
button_eight.config(command=lambda: click_button('8'))
button_nine.config(command=lambda: click_button('9'))
button_zero.config(command=lambda: click_button('0'))
button_dot.config(command=lambda: click_button('.'))
button_addition.config(command=lambda: click_button('+'))
button_subtraction.config(command=lambda: click_button('-'))
button_multiplication.config(command=lambda: click_button('*'))
button_division.config(command=lambda: click_button('/'))
button_clear.config(command=lambda: btnClearDisplay())
button_equal.config(command=calculation)
root.mainloop()運(yùn)行展示
可以看到計(jì)算器的頁(yè)面特別好看，跟著我一起學(xué)python，成就感滿滿 ?。?！
到此這篇關(guān)于Python實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)算器的示例代碼的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Python計(jì)算器內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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