1 完整錯誤

npm ERR! code EPERM
npm ERR! syscall open
npm ERR! path D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\7bbab18e
npm ERR! errno EPERM
npm ERR! FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\7bbab18e'
npm ERR!     at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR!     at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR!     at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5)
npm ERR!  FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\7bbab18e'
npm ERR!     at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR!     at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR!     at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5) {
npm ERR!   code: 'EPERM',
npm ERR!   syscall: 'open',
npm ERR!   path: 'D:\\NodeJS\\node_cache\\_cacache\\tmp\\7bbab18e',
npm ERR!   type: 'system',
npm ERR!   requiredBy: '.'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR!
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It's possible that the file was already in use (by a text editor or antivirus),
npm ERR! or that you lack permissions to access it.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.
(base) PS F:\tutorial-frontend\webpack\code> npm i webpack webpack-cli --save-dev
npm ERR! code EPERM
npm ERR! syscall open
npm ERR! path D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\671f2a33
npm ERR! errno EPERM
npm ERR! FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\671f2a33'
npm ERR!     at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR!     at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR!     at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5)
npm ERR!  FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\671f2a33'
npm ERR!     at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR!     at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR!     at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR!     at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5) {
npm ERR!   code: 'EPERM',
npm ERR!   syscall: 'open',
npm ERR!   path: 'D:\\NodeJS\\node_cache\\_cacache\\tmp\\671f2a33',
npm ERR!   type: 'system',
npm ERR!   requiredBy: '.'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR!
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It's possible that the file was already in use (by a text editor or antivirus),
npm ERR! or that you lack permissions to access it.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.

2 錯誤詳解

該錯誤發(fā)生在修改npm的全局安裝路徑之后，再執(zhí)行npm install 包 -g或是npm install 包時發(fā)生，但是在管理員身份下運行cmd，均能執(zhí)行成功。

2.1 修改npm全局安裝：

1.命令行：

npm config set prefix "D:\NodeJS\node_global"
npm config set cache "D:\NodeJS\node_cache"

在C盤User/用戶名/下有一個.npmrc的文件

2.將上述node_global文件夾的路徑加入環(huán)境變量

2.2 導致該安裝問題的原因

沒有管理員權限，無法在node_global和node_cache兩個文件夾下進行一些必要的操作

2.3 修復方法

• 刪除用戶下的.npmrc文件，即不改變全局安裝的路徑（不夠好，本質問題仍沒有解決，全局還是會安裝在C盤）
• 每次都用管理員身份運行命令行（不夠方便，vscode 下的命令行默認也不是管理員身份運行的）
• 直接修改node_global和node_cache文件夾的權限：

右鍵文件夾，打開屬性，切換到安全選項卡

選擇編輯，將沒有打鉤的位置全部打上鉤（即將其它用戶的權限設置為與管理員相同），應用即可。

3 運行測試

安裝webpack測試，成功！

npm i webpack webpack-cli -g
npm i webpack webpack-cli --save-dev

總結

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