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教你使用Python的pygame模塊實現(xiàn)拼圖游戲

更新時間：2022年07月05日 10:09:17 作者：飛揚青春88

pygame模塊是一個可以跨平臺的模塊,其設(shè)計目的就是為電子游戲而設(shè)計,能夠支持圖片和聲音,下面這篇文章主要給給大家介紹了關(guān)于使用Python的pygame模塊實現(xiàn)拼圖游戲的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

pygame介紹

Python Pygame 是一款專門為開發(fā)和設(shè)計 2D 電子游戲而生的軟件包，它支 Windows、Linux、Mac OS 等操作系統(tǒng)，具有良好的跨平臺性。Pygame 由 Pete Shinners 于 2000 年開發(fā)而成，是一款免費、開源的的軟件包，因此您可以放心地使用它來開發(fā)游戲，不用擔(dān)心有任何費用產(chǎn)生。

Pygame 在 SDL（Simple DirectMedia Layer，使用 C語言編寫的多媒體開發(fā)庫）的基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)而成，它提供了諸多操作模塊，比如圖像模塊（image）、聲音模塊（mixer）、輸入/輸出（鼠標(biāo)、鍵盤、顯示屏）模塊等。相比于開發(fā) 3D 游戲而言，Pygame 更擅長開發(fā) 2D 游戲，比如于飛機大戰(zhàn)、貪吃蛇、掃雷等游戲。

安裝pygame

pip install pygame

pygame常用模塊

pygame.cdrom 訪問光驅(qū)
pygame.cursors 加載光標(biāo)
pygame.display 訪問顯示設(shè)備
pygame.draw 繪制形狀、線和點
pygame.event 管理事件
pygame.font 使用字體
pygame.image 加載和存儲圖片
pygame.joystick 使用游戲手柄或者類似的東西
pygame.key 讀取鍵盤按鍵
pygame.mixer 聲音
pygame.mouse 鼠標(biāo)
pygame.movie 播放視頻
pygame.music 播放音頻
pygame.overlay 訪問高級視頻疊加
pygame.rect 管理矩形區(qū)域
pygame.scrap 本地剪貼板訪問
pygame.sndarray 操作聲音數(shù)據(jù)
pygame.sprite 操作移動圖像
pygame.surface 管理圖像和屏幕
pygame.surfarray 管理點陣圖像數(shù)據(jù)
pygame.time 管理時間和幀信息
pygame.transform 縮放和移動圖像

pygame入門案例

import pygame
import sys

pygame.init()  # 初始化pygame
size = width, height = 320, 240  # 設(shè)置窗口大小
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)  # 顯示窗口

while True:  # 死循環(huán)確保窗口一直顯示
    for event in pygame.event.get():  # 遍歷所有事件
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  # 如果單擊關(guān)閉窗口，則退出
            sys.exit()

pygame.quit()  # 退出pygame

pygame實現(xiàn)拼圖游戲

import pygame, sys, random
from pygame.locals import *

# 一些常量
WINDOWWIDTH = 500
WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (255, 255, 255)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
FPS = 40

VHNUMS = 3
CELLNUMS = VHNUMS * VHNUMS
MAXRANDTIME = 100


# 退出
def terminate():
    pygame.quit()
    sys.exit()


# 隨機生成游戲盤面
def newGameBoard():
    board = []
    for i in range(CELLNUMS):
        board.append(i)
    blackCell = CELLNUMS - 1
    board[blackCell] = -1

    for i in range(MAXRANDTIME):
        direction = random.randint(0, 3)
        if (direction == 0):
            blackCell = moveLeft(board, blackCell)
        elif (direction == 1):
            blackCell = moveRight(board, blackCell)
        elif (direction == 2):
            blackCell = moveUp(board, blackCell)
        elif (direction == 3):
            blackCell = moveDown(board, blackCell)
    return board, blackCell


# 若空白圖像塊不在最左邊，則將空白塊左邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveRight(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell % VHNUMS == 0:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell - 1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell - 1]
    return blackCell - 1


# 若空白圖像塊不在最右邊，則將空白塊右邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveLeft(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell % VHNUMS == VHNUMS - 1:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell + 1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell + 1]
    return blackCell + 1


# 若空白圖像塊不在最上邊，則將空白塊上邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveDown(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell < VHNUMS:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell - VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell - VHNUMS]
    return blackCell - VHNUMS


# 若空白圖像塊不在最下邊，則將空白塊下邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveUp(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell >= CELLNUMS - VHNUMS:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell + VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell + VHNUMS]
    return blackCell + VHNUMS


# 是否完成
def isFinished(board, blackCell):
    for i in range(CELLNUMS - 1):
        if board[i] != i:
            return False
    return True


# 初始化
pygame.init()
mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

# 加載圖片
gameImage = pygame.image.load('1.jpg')
gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()

# 設(shè)置窗口，窗口的寬度和高度取決于圖片的寬高
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((gameRect.width, gameRect.height))
pygame.display.set_caption('拼圖')

cellWidth = int(gameRect.width / VHNUMS)
cellHeight = int(gameRect.height / VHNUMS)

finish = False

gameBoard, blackCell = newGameBoard()

# 游戲主循環(huán)
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            terminate()
        if finish:
            continue
        if event.type == KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
                blackCell = moveLeft(gameBoard, blackCell)
            if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
                blackCell = moveRight(gameBoard, blackCell)
            if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
                blackCell = moveUp(gameBoard, blackCell)
            if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
                blackCell = moveDown(gameBoard, blackCell)
        if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
            x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            col = int(x / cellWidth)
            row = int(y / cellHeight)
            index = col + row * VHNUMS
            if (
                    index == blackCell - 1 or index == blackCell + 1 or index == blackCell - VHNUMS or index == blackCell + VHNUMS):
                gameBoard[blackCell], gameBoard[index] = gameBoard[index], gameBoard[blackCell]
                blackCell = index

    if (isFinished(gameBoard, blackCell)):
        gameBoard[blackCell] = CELLNUMS - 1
        finish = True

    windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)

    for i in range(CELLNUMS):
        rowDst = int(i / VHNUMS)
        colDst = int(i % VHNUMS)
        rectDst = pygame.Rect(colDst * cellWidth, rowDst * cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)

        if gameBoard[i] == -1:
            continue

        rowArea = int(gameBoard[i] / VHNUMS)
        colArea = int(gameBoard[i] % VHNUMS)
        rectArea = pygame.Rect(colArea * cellWidth, rowArea * cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)
        windowSurface.blit(gameImage, rectDst, rectArea)

    for i in range(VHNUMS + 1):
        pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (i * cellWidth, 0), (i * cellWidth, gameRect.height))
    for i in range(VHNUMS + 1):
        pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (0, i * cellHeight), (gameRect.width, i * cellHeight))

    pygame.display.update()

    mainClock.tick(FPS)