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C++基于reactor的服務(wù)器百萬(wàn)并發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)與講解

 更新時(shí)間：2022年07月01日 14:09:52   作者：恒者走天下  
這篇文章主要介紹了C++基于reactor的服務(wù)器百萬(wàn)并發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)與講解，本文通過(guò)實(shí)例圖文相結(jié)合給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價(jià)值,需要的朋友可以參考下

reactor實(shí)現(xiàn)的原理請(qǐng)參考：
http://chabaoo.cn/article/253794.htm
本次百萬(wàn)并發(fā)的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)也是基于上面代碼進(jìn)行更改而來(lái)

并發(fā)量和承載的概念
并發(fā)量：一個(gè)服務(wù)器能同時(shí)承載客戶(hù)端的數(shù)量
承載：客戶(hù)端發(fā)送給服務(wù)器的請(qǐng)求(http或tcp等)在200ms內(nèi)可以返回正確的結(jié)果

一、服務(wù)器的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)與講解

結(jié)構(gòu)體代碼主要構(gòu)建的結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示
鏈表結(jié)構(gòu)，每個(gè)eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)，包括一個(gè)ntyevent數(shù)組，數(shù)組中存儲(chǔ)fd

在這里插入圖片描述

/*結(jié)構(gòu)體定義鏈表數(shù)組*/
struct ntyevent {
	int fd;//要監(jiān)聽(tīng)的文件描述符
	int events;//對(duì)應(yīng)的監(jiān)聽(tīng)事件，	EPOLLIN和EPOLLOUT（不同的事件，走不同的回調(diào)函數(shù)）
	void *arg;//指向自己結(jié)構(gòu)體指針
	int (*callback)(int fd, int events, void *arg);
	
	int status;//是否在監(jiān)聽(tīng)：1->在紅黑樹(shù)上（監(jiān)聽(tīng)），0->不在（不監(jiān)聽(tīng)）
	char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
	int length;
	long last_active;
};

struct eventblock {

	struct eventblock *next;
	struct ntyevent *events;//數(shù)組
	
};

struct ntyreactor {
	//句柄
	int epfd;
	//結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)
	int blkcnt;
	struct eventblock *evblk; //fd --> 100w
};

初始化fd 上樹(shù)、下樹(shù)代碼

//nty_event_set(event, sockfd, acceptor, reactor);
//初始化sockfd
void nty_event_set(struct ntyevent *ev, int fd, NCALLBACK callback, void *arg) {

	ev->fd = fd;
	ev->callback = callback;
	ev->events = 0;
	ev->arg = arg;
	ev->last_active = time(NULL);

	return ;
	
}
//nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);
//對(duì)監(jiān)聽(tīng)的epoll紅黑樹(shù)上的結(jié)點(diǎn)的修改
int nty_event_add(int epfd, int events, struct ntyevent *ev) {

	struct epoll_event ep_ev = {0, {0}};
	ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
	ep_ev.events = ev->events = events;

	int op;
	if (ev->status == 1) {
		op = EPOLL_CTL_MOD;
	} else {
		op = EPOLL_CTL_ADD;
		ev->status = 1;
	}

	if (epoll_ctl(epfd, op, ev->fd, &ep_ev) < 0) {
		printf("event add failed [fd=%d], events[%d]\n", ev->fd, events);
		return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

int nty_event_del(int epfd, struct ntyevent *ev) {

	struct epoll_event ep_ev = {0, {0}};

	if (ev->status != 1) {
		return -1;
	}
	ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
	ev->status = 0;
	epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, ev->fd, &ep_ev);

	return 0;
}

回調(diào)函數(shù)代碼的書(shū)寫(xiě)
注意看recv_cb的回調(diào)函數(shù)中，recv之后，立馬下樹(shù)，然后又重新初始化fd，上樹(shù)。這樣做的目的是因?yàn)榇a邏輯是recv收到數(shù)據(jù)后，立即原樣send,所以需要對(duì)fd的屬性進(jìn)行更改，需要重新初始化賦值，然后上樹(shù)

int recv_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {

	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
	struct ntyevent *ev = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, fd);

	int len = recv(fd, ev->buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH , 0); // 
	nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);

	if (len > 0) {
		
		ev->length = len;
		ev->buffer[len] = '\0';

		printf("C[%d]:%s\n", fd, ev->buffer);

		nty_event_set(ev, fd, send_cb, reactor);
		nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLOUT, ev);
		
		
	} else if (len == 0) {

		close(ev->fd);
		//printf("[fd=%d] pos[%ld], closed\n", fd, ev-reactor->events);
		 
	} else {

		close(ev->fd);
		printf("recv[fd=%d] error[%d]:%s\n", fd, errno, strerror(errno));
		
	}

	return len;
}

int send_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {

	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
	struct ntyevent *ev = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, fd);

	int len = send(fd, ev->buffer, ev->length, 0);
	if (len > 0) {
		printf("send[fd=%d], [%d]%s\n", fd, len, ev->buffer);

		nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
		nty_event_set(ev, fd, recv_cb, reactor);
		nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, ev);
		
	} else {

		close(ev->fd);

		nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
		printf("send[fd=%d] error %s\n", fd, strerror(errno));

	}

	return len;
}

int accept_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {

	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;

	struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
	socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);

	int clientfd;

	if ((clientfd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &len)) == -1) {
		if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR) {
			
		}
		printf("accept: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}
	int flag = 0;
	if ((flag = fcntl(clientfd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK)) < 0) {
		printf("%s: fcntl nonblocking failed, %d\n", __func__, MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS);
		return -1;
	}
	/*存儲(chǔ)*/
	struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, clientfd);
	
	nty_event_set(event, clientfd, recv_cb, reactor);
	nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);

	
	printf("new connect [%s:%d], pos[%d]\n", 
		inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port), clientfd);

	return 0;

}

鏈表的初始化與銷(xiāo)毀

//初始化鏈表
int ntyreactor_init(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {

	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	memset(reactor, 0, sizeof(struct ntyreactor));

	reactor->epfd = epoll_create(1);
	if (reactor->epfd <= 0) {
		printf("create epfd in %s err %s\n", __func__, strerror(errno));
		return -2;
	}

	struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
	if (evs == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc ntyevents failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(evs, 0, (MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));

	struct eventblock *block = (struct eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(struct eventblock));
	if (block == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc eventblock failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(block, 0, sizeof(struct eventblock));

	block->events = evs;
	block->next = NULL;

	reactor->evblk = block;
	reactor->blkcnt = 1;

	return 0;
}

找到fd應(yīng)在鏈表數(shù)組中存儲(chǔ)的位置并返回

//新增塊數(shù)(eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù))
//ntyreactor_alloc(reactor);
int ntyreactor_alloc(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {

	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;

	struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
	while (blk->next != NULL) {
		blk = blk->next;
	}

	struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
	if (evs == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc ntyevents failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(evs, 0, (MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));

	struct eventblock *block = (struct eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(struct eventblock));
	if (block == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc eventblock failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(block, 0, sizeof(struct eventblock));

	block->events = evs;
	block->next = NULL;

	blk->next = block;
	reactor->blkcnt ++; //

	return 0;
}

//struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, sockfd);
struct ntyevent *ntyreactor_idx(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd) {

	int blkidx = sockfd / MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS;
	//如果塊數(shù)(eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù))不能滿(mǎn)足新的sockfd的存放
	while (blkidx >= reactor->blkcnt) {
		//新增塊數(shù)(eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù))
		ntyreactor_alloc(reactor);
	}

	//找到存放sockfd的塊(eventblock對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)點(diǎn))
	int i = 0;
	struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
	while(i ++ < blkidx && blk != NULL) {
		blk = blk->next;
	}

	//返回對(duì)應(yīng)塊(eventblock對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)點(diǎn))的存放sockfd數(shù)組的那個(gè)具體位置
	return &blk->events[sockfd % MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS];
}

上樹(shù)，并初始化鏈表數(shù)組上對(duì)應(yīng)的fd

//ntyreactor_addlistener(reactor, sockfds[i], accept_cb);
//上樹(shù)，并初始化鏈表數(shù)組上對(duì)應(yīng)的fd
int ntyreactor_addlistener(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd, NCALLBACK *acceptor) {

	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;

	//reactor->evblk->events[sockfd];
	//找到sock所在的具體位置
	struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, sockfd);

	初始化sockfd
	nty_event_set(event, sockfd, acceptor, reactor);
	//對(duì)監(jiān)聽(tīng)的epoll紅黑樹(shù)上的結(jié)點(diǎn)的修改
	nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);

	return 0;
}

epollwait

//ntyreactor_run(reactor);
int ntyreactor_run(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	if (reactor->epfd < 0) return -1;
	if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;
	
	struct epoll_event events[MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS+1];
	
	int checkpos = 0, i;

	while (1) {
/*
		long now = time(NULL);
		for (i = 0;i < 100;i ++, checkpos ++) {
			if (checkpos == MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) {
				checkpos = 0;
			}

			if (reactor->events[checkpos].status != 1) {
				continue;
			}

			long duration = now - reactor->events[checkpos].last_active;

			if (duration >= 60) {
				close(reactor->events[checkpos].fd);
				printf("[fd=%d] timeout\n", reactor->events[checkpos].fd);
				nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, &reactor->events[checkpos]);
			}
		}
*/

		int nready = epoll_wait(reactor->epfd, events, MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS, 1000);
		if (nready < 0) {
			printf("epoll_wait error, exit\n");
			continue;
		}

		for (i = 0;i < nready;i ++) {

			struct ntyevent *ev = (struct ntyevent*)events[i].data.ptr;

			//看fd連接是否發(fā)生變化
			if ((events[i].events & EPOLLIN) && (ev->events & EPOLLIN)) {
				ev->callback(ev->fd, events[i].events, ev->arg);
			}
			if ((events[i].events & EPOLLOUT) && (ev->events & EPOLLOUT)) {
				ev->callback(ev->fd, events[i].events, ev->arg);
			}
			
		}

	}
}

main函數(shù)；此服務(wù)器代碼開(kāi)設(shè)了100個(gè)監(jiān)聽(tīng)的端口，目的是因?yàn)榭蛻?hù)端測(cè)試程序也是運(yùn)行在虛擬機(jī)的Ubuntu上，通過(guò)開(kāi)三臺(tái)來(lái)充當(dāng)客戶(hù)端來(lái)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。有因?yàn)橐慌_(tái)Ubuntu最多有6w個(gè)端口，3臺(tái)有18w端口。如果服務(wù)器只開(kāi)設(shè)一個(gè)監(jiān)聽(tīng)端口，則最多有18w端口。因此要達(dá)到100w并發(fā)則應(yīng)多開(kāi)設(shè)端口

// 3, 6w, 1, 100 == 
// <remoteip, remoteport, localip, localport>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

	unsigned short port = SERVER_PORT; // listen 8888
	if (argc == 2) {
		port = atoi(argv[1]);//把參數(shù) str 所指向的字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)整數(shù)（類(lèi)型為 int 型）
	}
	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)malloc(sizeof(struct ntyreactor));
	/*初始化三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體，建立鏈表*/
	ntyreactor_init(reactor);

	int i = 0;
	int sockfds[PORT_COUNT] = {0};
	for (i = 0;i < PORT_COUNT;i ++) {
		//端口號(hào)的監(jiān)聽(tīng)
		sockfds[i] = init_sock(port+i);
		//上樹(shù)
		ntyreactor_addlistener(reactor, sockfds[i], accept_cb);
	}

	// epoll_wait
	ntyreactor_run(reactor);
	//
	ntyreactor_destory(reactor);

	for (i = 0;i < PORT_COUNT;i ++) {
		close(sockfds[i]);
	}

	free(reactor);

	return 0;
}

完整服務(wù)器代碼展示

/*鏈表存儲(chǔ)數(shù)組，把epoll變成對(duì)事件的管理,用鏈表數(shù)組的目的就是為了回調(diào)函數(shù)*/
/*recv寫(xiě)法：代碼邏輯是收到數(shù)據(jù)后，立即原樣返回所以才那樣寫(xiě)*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <time.h>
#define BUFFER_LENGTH		4096
#define MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS	1024
#define SERVER_PORT			8888
#define PORT_COUNT			100
typedef int NCALLBACK(int ,int, void*);
//struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
struct ntyevent {
	int fd;//要監(jiān)聽(tīng)的文件描述符
	int events;//對(duì)應(yīng)的監(jiān)聽(tīng)事件，	EPOLLIN和EPOLLOUT（不同的事件，走不同的回調(diào)函數(shù)）
	void *arg;//指向自己結(jié)構(gòu)體指針
	int (*callback)(int fd, int events, void *arg);
	int status;//是否在監(jiān)聽(tīng)：1->在紅黑樹(shù)上（監(jiān)聽(tīng)），0->不在（不監(jiān)聽(tīng)）
	char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
	int length;
	long last_active;
};
struct eventblock {
	struct eventblock *next;
	struct ntyevent *events;//數(shù)組
};
struct ntyreactor {
	//句柄
	int epfd;
	//結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)
	int blkcnt;
	struct eventblock *evblk; //fd --> 100w
};
int recv_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg);
int send_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg);
struct ntyevent *ntyreactor_idx(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd);
//nty_event_set(event, sockfd, acceptor, reactor);
//初始化sockfd
void nty_event_set(struct ntyevent *ev, int fd, NCALLBACK callback, void *arg) {
	ev->fd = fd;
	ev->callback = callback;
	ev->events = 0;
	ev->arg = arg;
	ev->last_active = time(NULL);
	return ;
}
//nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);
//對(duì)監(jiān)聽(tīng)的epoll紅黑樹(shù)上的結(jié)點(diǎn)的修改
int nty_event_add(int epfd, int events, struct ntyevent *ev) {
	struct epoll_event ep_ev = {0, {0}};
	ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
	ep_ev.events = ev->events = events;
	int op;
	if (ev->status == 1) {
		op = EPOLL_CTL_MOD;
	} else {
		op = EPOLL_CTL_ADD;
		ev->status = 1;
	}
	if (epoll_ctl(epfd, op, ev->fd, &ep_ev) < 0) {
		printf("event add failed [fd=%d], events[%d]\n", ev->fd, events);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}
int nty_event_del(int epfd, struct ntyevent *ev) {
	struct epoll_event ep_ev = {0, {0}};
	if (ev->status != 1) {
		return -1;
	}
	ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
	ev->status = 0;
	epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, ev->fd, &ep_ev);
	return 0;
}
int recv_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {
	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
	struct ntyevent *ev = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, fd);
	int len = recv(fd, ev->buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH , 0); // 
	nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
	if (len > 0) {
		ev->length = len;
		ev->buffer[len] = '\0';
		printf("C[%d]:%s\n", fd, ev->buffer);
		nty_event_set(ev, fd, send_cb, reactor);
		nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLOUT, ev);
	} else if (len == 0) {
		close(ev->fd);
		//printf("[fd=%d] pos[%ld], closed\n", fd, ev-reactor->events);
	} else {
		close(ev->fd);
		printf("recv[fd=%d] error[%d]:%s\n", fd, errno, strerror(errno));
	}
	return len;
}
int send_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {
	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
	struct ntyevent *ev = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, fd);
	int len = send(fd, ev->buffer, ev->length, 0);
	if (len > 0) {
		printf("send[fd=%d], [%d]%s\n", fd, len, ev->buffer);
		nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
		nty_event_set(ev, fd, recv_cb, reactor);
		nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, ev);
	} else {
		close(ev->fd);
		nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
		printf("send[fd=%d] error %s\n", fd, strerror(errno));
	}
	return len;
}
int accept_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {
	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
	socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);
	int clientfd;
	if ((clientfd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &len)) == -1) {
		if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR) {
		}
		printf("accept: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}
	int flag = 0;
	if ((flag = fcntl(clientfd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK)) < 0) {
		printf("%s: fcntl nonblocking failed, %d\n", __func__, MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS);
		return -1;
	}
	/*存儲(chǔ)*/
	struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, clientfd);
	nty_event_set(event, clientfd, recv_cb, reactor);
	nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);
	printf("new connect [%s:%d], pos[%d]\n", 
		inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port), clientfd);
	return 0;
}
int init_sock(short port) {
	int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
	struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
	memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
	server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
	bind(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
	if (listen(fd, 20) < 0) {
		printf("listen failed : %s\n", strerror(errno));
	}
	return fd;
}
//新增塊數(shù)(eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù))
//ntyreactor_alloc(reactor);
int ntyreactor_alloc(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;
	struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
	while (blk->next != NULL) {
		blk = blk->next;
	}
	struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
	if (evs == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc ntyevents failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(evs, 0, (MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
	struct eventblock *block = (struct eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(struct eventblock));
	if (block == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc eventblock failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(block, 0, sizeof(struct eventblock));
	block->events = evs;
	block->next = NULL;
	blk->next = block;
	reactor->blkcnt ++; //
	return 0;
}
//struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, sockfd);
struct ntyevent *ntyreactor_idx(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd) {
	int blkidx = sockfd / MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS;
	//如果塊數(shù)(eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù))不能滿(mǎn)足新的sockfd的存放
	while (blkidx >= reactor->blkcnt) {
		//新增塊數(shù)(eventblock結(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù))
		ntyreactor_alloc(reactor);
	}
	//找到存放sockfd的塊(eventblock對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)點(diǎn))
	int i = 0;
	struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
	while(i ++ < blkidx && blk != NULL) {
		blk = blk->next;
	}
	//返回對(duì)應(yīng)塊(eventblock對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)點(diǎn))的存放sockfd數(shù)組的那個(gè)具體位置
	return &blk->events[sockfd % MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS];
}
//初始化鏈表
int ntyreactor_init(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	memset(reactor, 0, sizeof(struct ntyreactor));
	reactor->epfd = epoll_create(1);
	if (reactor->epfd <= 0) {
		printf("create epfd in %s err %s\n", __func__, strerror(errno));
		return -2;
	}
	struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
	if (evs == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc ntyevents failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(evs, 0, (MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
	struct eventblock *block = (struct eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(struct eventblock));
	if (block == NULL) {
		printf("ntyreactor_alloc eventblock failed\n");
		return -2;
	}
	memset(block, 0, sizeof(struct eventblock));
	block->events = evs;
	block->next = NULL;
	reactor->evblk = block;
	reactor->blkcnt = 1;
	return 0;
}
int ntyreactor_destory(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {
	close(reactor->epfd);
	//free(reactor->events);
	struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
	struct eventblock *blk_next = NULL;
	while (blk != NULL) {
		blk_next = blk->next;
		free(blk->events);
		free(blk);
		blk = blk_next;
	}
	return 0;
}
//ntyreactor_addlistener(reactor, sockfds[i], accept_cb);
//上樹(shù)，并初始化鏈表數(shù)組上對(duì)應(yīng)的fd
int ntyreactor_addlistener(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd, NCALLBACK *acceptor) {
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;
	//reactor->evblk->events[sockfd];
	//找到sock所在的具體位置
	struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, sockfd);
	初始化sockfd
	nty_event_set(event, sockfd, acceptor, reactor);
	//對(duì)監(jiān)聽(tīng)的epoll紅黑樹(shù)上的結(jié)點(diǎn)的修改
	nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);
	return 0;
}
//ntyreactor_run(reactor);
int ntyreactor_run(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {
	if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
	if (reactor->epfd < 0) return -1;
	if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;
	struct epoll_event events[MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS+1];
	int checkpos = 0, i;
	while (1) {
/*
		long now = time(NULL);
		for (i = 0;i < 100;i ++, checkpos ++) {
			if (checkpos == MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) {
				checkpos = 0;
			}
			if (reactor->events[checkpos].status != 1) {
				continue;
			}
			long duration = now - reactor->events[checkpos].last_active;
			if (duration >= 60) {
				close(reactor->events[checkpos].fd);
				printf("[fd=%d] timeout\n", reactor->events[checkpos].fd);
				nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, &reactor->events[checkpos]);
			}
		}
*/
		int nready = epoll_wait(reactor->epfd, events, MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS, 1000);
		if (nready < 0) {
			printf("epoll_wait error, exit\n");
			continue;
		}
		for (i = 0;i < nready;i ++) {
			struct ntyevent *ev = (struct ntyevent*)events[i].data.ptr;
			//看fd連接是否發(fā)生變化
			if ((events[i].events & EPOLLIN) && (ev->events & EPOLLIN)) {
				ev->callback(ev->fd, events[i].events, ev->arg);
			}
			if ((events[i].events & EPOLLOUT) && (ev->events & EPOLLOUT)) {
				ev->callback(ev->fd, events[i].events, ev->arg);
			}
		}
	}
}
// 3, 6w, 1, 100 == 
// <remoteip, remoteport, localip, localport>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	unsigned short port = SERVER_PORT; // listen 8888
	if (argc == 2) {
		port = atoi(argv[1]);//把參數(shù) str 所指向的字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)整數(shù)（類(lèi)型為 int 型）
	}
	struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)malloc(sizeof(struct ntyreactor));
	/*初始化三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體，建立鏈表*/
	ntyreactor_init(reactor);
	int i = 0;
	int sockfds[PORT_COUNT] = {0};
	for (i = 0;i < PORT_COUNT;i ++) {
		//端口號(hào)的監(jiān)聽(tīng)
		sockfds[i] = init_sock(port+i);
		//上樹(shù)
		ntyreactor_addlistener(reactor, sockfds[i], accept_cb);
	}
	// epoll_wait
	ntyreactor_run(reactor);
	//
	ntyreactor_destory(reactor);
	for (i = 0;i < PORT_COUNT;i ++) {
		close(sockfds[i]);
	}
	free(reactor);
	return 0;
}

reactor的寫(xiě)法感覺(jué)和epoll的普通寫(xiě)法，感覺(jué)差別就是reactor多了個(gè)回調(diào)函數(shù)，具體沒(méi)啥優(yōu)點(diǎn)？
epoll是針對(duì)io的管理。 reactor對(duì)針對(duì)事件的管理
不同的事件，針對(duì)不同的回調(diào)函數(shù)
性能上沒(méi)啥差異，但提高了代碼的復(fù)用性。具體需要自己慢慢體會(huì)體會(huì)，嗚嗚嗚嗚還有體會(huì)到，編程思想不過(guò)關(guān)。

二、環(huán)境設(shè)置

限制是fd的限制，系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)fd最多有1024個(gè)，按照一個(gè)連接一個(gè)fd的做法，那就需要百萬(wàn)個(gè)fd。這里有兩種修改方法，一是使用ulimit -n命令，這個(gè)命令重啟就失效；二是修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件，這是永久有效的，重啟或sysctl -p生效。

* hard nofile 1048576
* soft nofile 1048576

hard是硬限制，不能超過(guò)該值，soft是軟限制，可以超過(guò)，超過(guò)后就開(kāi)始回收。
這個(gè)文件里還有一些其他的參數(shù)可以了解一下，fs.file_max是fd可取到的最大值，注意與fd最大個(gè)數(shù)區(qū)分。
突破這兩個(gè)限制后，還會(huì)遇到一個(gè)問(wèn)題，客戶(hù)端會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)：connection timedout。連接超時(shí)，即是客戶(hù)端未收到服務(wù)器對(duì)客戶(hù)端connect()的回應(yīng)包。這里有兩種可能，客戶(hù)端為收到服務(wù)器的包或是服務(wù)器未收到客戶(hù)端的connect包。事實(shí)上，是因?yàn)橄到y(tǒng)有個(gè)防火墻iotables，這個(gè)防火墻是基于網(wǎng)卡和協(xié)議棧之間的過(guò)濾機(jī)制netfilter實(shí)現(xiàn)的。netfilter當(dāng)連接數(shù)到達(dá)一定程度時(shí)，會(huì)不允許再向外發(fā)送connect包。修改也是通過(guò)/etc/security/limits.conf文件

net.nf_conntrack_max=1048576

突破這些限制，就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)百萬(wàn)并發(fā)了。
這里再介紹/etc/security/limits.conf中幾個(gè)參數(shù)
net.ipv4.tcp_mem=262144 524288 786432是所有TCP協(xié)議棧所占空間的大小，單位是頁(yè)（4KB）。介紹一下后面寫(xiě)的三個(gè)值，當(dāng)所占空間大小超過(guò)第二個(gè)值時(shí)，系統(tǒng)會(huì)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，此時(shí)如果占用空間降到第一個(gè)值以下，不再優(yōu)化，第三個(gè)值是上限，不允許分配超過(guò)比大小的空間。
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=2048 2048 4096是每個(gè)socket對(duì)應(yīng)的寫(xiě)緩沖區(qū)大小，三個(gè)值分別是最小值、默認(rèn)值、最大值，單位是B。
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=2048 2048 4096是每個(gè)socket對(duì)應(yīng)的讀緩沖區(qū)大小，三個(gè)值分別是最小值、默認(rèn)值、最大值，單位是B。
做百萬(wàn)并發(fā)時(shí)，如果內(nèi)存不大，可以相應(yīng)調(diào)小。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，如果傳輸大文件，調(diào)大；如果傳輸?shù)亩际亲址?，調(diào)小，就可以接收更多fd。

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