SpringBoot中@Autowired生效方式詳解
前言
@Component public class SimpleBean3 { @Autowired private SimpleBean simpleBean; }
@Autowired修飾的字段會(huì)被容器自動(dòng)注入.那么Spring Boot中使如何實(shí)現(xiàn)這一功能呢? AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor!
BeanPostProcessor implementation that autowires annotated fields, setter methods, and arbitrary config methods. Such members to be injected are detected through annotations: by default, Spring's @Autowired and @Value annotations.
Also supports JSR-330's @Inject annotation, if available, as a direct alternative to Spring's own @Autowired.
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor(以下簡稱AutowiredProcessor)間接實(shí)現(xiàn)了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口.通過postProcessProperties(...)完成@Autowired的注入,本文將按照下圖流程梳理AutowiredProcessor的生效邏輯.
SpringBoot-autowired.png
正文
注冊AutowiredProcessor的BeanDefinition
SpringApplication#createApplicationContext默認(rèn)會(huì)創(chuàng)建 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext,而AnnotationConfigApplicationContext又會(huì)創(chuàng)建AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() { this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this); this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this); }
AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader構(gòu)造時(shí)會(huì)調(diào)用AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry),將AutowiredProcessor的BeanDefinition注冊到容器
public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors( BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) { //忽略部分代碼... if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) { RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class); def.setSource(source); beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)); } //忽略部分代碼... return beanDefs; }
實(shí)例化AutowiredProcessor
在AbstractApplicationContext的refresh階段,會(huì)注冊并實(shí)例化所有的BeanPostProcessor
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { //...忽略部分代碼 // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses. postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory); // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context. invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory); // ########### 這里注冊所有的BeanPostProcessor ########## // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation. registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory); // Initialize message source for this context. initMessageSource(); // Initialize event multicaster for this context. initApplicationEventMulticaster(); // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses. onRefresh(); // Check for listener beans and register them. registerListeners(); // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); // Last step: publish corresponding event. finishRefresh() //...忽略部分代碼 }
實(shí)際的注冊邏輯交給了PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate
protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this); }
在PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate中,獲取到所有的BeanPostProcessor(基于BeanDefinition),并將其分為幾種類型,并按照不同的優(yōu)先級進(jìn)行處理化,這塊不是這篇文章的重點(diǎn),我們只需要知道在這里AutowiredProcessor被注冊就可以了.
創(chuàng)建bean時(shí)進(jìn)行注入
以SimpleBean3的注入為例, 它是單例的,在AbstractApplicationContext.refresh()的finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)時(shí)創(chuàng)建.
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { //...忽略部分代碼 // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(); }
調(diào)用到了BeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(),走到getBean()邏輯
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException { //...忽略部分代碼 List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames); // Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans... for (String beanName : beanNames) { RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName); if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) { if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) { Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName); if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) { final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean; boolean isEagerInit; if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) { isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>) ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit, getAccessControlContext()); } else { isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean && ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit()); } if (isEagerInit) { getBean(beanName); } } } else { getBean(beanName); } } } //...忽略部分代碼 }
經(jīng)過一連串的輾轉(zhuǎn),最終調(diào)用到AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#populateBean
附上調(diào)用鏈路
image.png
在populateBean中,會(huì)將所有的BeanPostProcessor應(yīng)用在這個(gè)bean上,包括AutowiredProcessor
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) { //...忽略部分代碼 PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null; if (hasInstAwareBpps) { if (pvs == null) { pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues(); } for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) { if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) { InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp; //###### 調(diào)用到postProcessProperties ##### PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName); if (pvsToUse == null) { if (filteredPds == null) { filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching); } pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName); if (pvsToUse == null) { return; } } pvs = pvsToUse; } } } //...忽略部分代碼 }
AutowiredProcessor的postProcessProperties()會(huì)進(jìn)行注入操作,這需要找到注入的元數(shù)據(jù)(InjectionMetadata)
public PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName) { //### 找到AutowringMetadata ##### InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs); try { // #### 注入 ### metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs); } catch (BeanCreationException ex) { throw ex; } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Injection of autowired dependencies failed", ex); } return pvs; }
findAutowiringMetadata()又調(diào)用到buildAutowiringMetadata(),生成代表可注入元素的InjectMetadata
private InjectionMetadata buildAutowiringMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) { List<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> elements = new ArrayList<>(); Class<?> targetClass = clazz; do { final List<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> currElements = new ArrayList<>(); ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalFields(targetClass, field -> { //###### 找到帶有可注入注解的字段 AnnotationAttributes ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(field); if (ann != null) { if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) { if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("Autowired annotation is not supported on static fields: " + field); } return; } boolean required = determineRequiredStatus(ann); currElements.add(new AutowiredFieldElement(field, required)); } }); //...忽略部分代碼 }
findAutowiredAnnotation()根據(jù)AutowiredProcessor的實(shí)例字段autowiredAnnotationTypes,去查看是否匹配,這個(gè)字段是在AutowiredProcessor創(chuàng)建時(shí)初始化,可以看到支持@Autowired,@Value,@Inject三種類型的注入標(biāo)識(shí).最終據(jù)此完成注入
public AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor() { this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(Autowired.class); this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(Value.class); try { this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Inject", AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class.getClassLoader())); logger.trace("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { // JSR-330 API not available - simply skip. } }
后記
最后再來梳理一下整個(gè)流程.
首先是AutowiredPorcessor的BeanDefinition的注冊
=> 創(chuàng)建ApplicationContext
? => 創(chuàng)建AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader
? => 注冊BeanDefinition registerAnnotationConfigProcessors
然后是AutowiredProcessor注冊為bean
=> registerBeanPostProcessors
最后是注入
? => 獲取bean getBean()
? => 創(chuàng)建bean doCreateBean()
? =>生成bean populateBean()
? => 應(yīng)用AutowiredProcessor ibp.postProcessProperties()
? => 找到可注入的字段 buildAutowiringMetadata
? => 注入 metadata.inject
至此,@Autowired生效邏輯梳理完成
到此這篇關(guān)于SpringBoot中@Autowired生效方式詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)SpringBoot @Autowired內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
- SpringBoot @Autowired注入為空的情況解讀
- springboot?靜態(tài)方法中使用@Autowired注入方式
- SpringBoot @Autowired注解注入規(guī)則介紹
- SpringBoot使用@Autowired為多實(shí)現(xiàn)的接口注入依賴
- springBoot Junit測試用例出現(xiàn)@Autowired不生效的解決
- 淺談SpringBoot @Autowired的兩種注入方式
- 解決SpringBoot 測試類無法自動(dòng)注入@Autowired的問題
- 解決Springboot @Autowired 無法注入問題
- SpringBoot注解篇之@Resource與@Autowired的使用區(qū)別
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