簡(jiǎn)介

項(xiàng)目中經(jīng)過(guò)很久開(kāi)發(fā)，會(huì)有很多當(dāng)初引入后來(lái)又不再使用的依賴(lài)，靠肉眼很難分辨刪除。

這時(shí)候，我們可以使用分析無(wú)用依賴(lài)插件進(jìn)行處理：gradle-lint-plugin

如何使用

注意： 他可能存在刪除錯(cuò)誤的引用依賴(lài)，需要?jiǎng)h除后進(jìn)行檢查和測(cè)試

并且，這里僅支持單模塊項(xiàng)目，如果是多模塊項(xiàng)目請(qǐng)參考官方文檔進(jìn)行處理

官方文檔地址： https://github.com/nebula-plugins/gradle-lint-plugin/wiki

1.引入插件

在項(xiàng)目的 build.gradle 中引用該插件, 最新版本號(hào)可以 點(diǎn)擊這里查看:

plugins {
  id 'nebula.lint' version '17.7.0'
}

如何你項(xiàng)目中本身已經(jīng)有插件，則可以在后面追加，例如我的：

plugins {
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.3.5.RELEASE'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.10.RELEASE'
    id 'java'
    id 'nebula.lint' version '17.7.0'
}

2.應(yīng)用插件

在 build.gradle 應(yīng)用 該插件，并在任意位置，配置檢測(cè)規(guī)則：

apply plugin :"nebula.lint"
gradleLint.rules=['unused-dependency']

3.使用 Gradle 進(jìn)行重新載入項(xiàng)目

IDEA 使用 Gradle 進(jìn)行重新載入項(xiàng)目，則會(huì)出現(xiàn) Lint 菜單, 如下圖所示：

4.生成報(bào)告

點(diǎn)擊 lint -> generateGradleLintReport, 可以生成報(bào)告。

報(bào)告僅保留不同類(lèi)型的省略結(jié)果，可以看到有以下四種報(bào)告結(jié)果：

• one or more classes are required by your code directly (no auto-fix available)
• this dependency is unused and can be removed
• this dependency should be removed since its artifact is empty (no auto-fix available)
• this dependency is a service provider unused at compileClasspath time and can be moved to the runtimeOnly configuration (no auto-fix available)

其中， this dependency is unused and can be removed 表示可以刪除的依賴(lài)。

Executing 'generateGradleLintReport'...
> Task :generateGradleLintReport
Generated a report containing information about 83 lint violations in this project
> Task :autoLintGradle
This project contains lint violations. A complete listing of the violations follows. 
Because none were serious, the build's overall status was unaffected.
warning   unused-dependency                  one or more classes in org.mockito:mockito-core:3.3.3 are required by your code directly (no auto-fix available)
warning   unused-dependency                  this dependency should be removed since its artifact is empty (no auto-fix available)
build.gradle:59
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator'
warning   unused-dependency                  this dependency is a service provider unused at compileClasspath time and can be moved to the runtimeOnly configuration (no auto-fix available)
build.gradle:69
compileOnly 'org.projectlombok:lombok'
warning   unused-dependency                  this dependency is unused and can be removed
build.gradle:101
compile group: 'ch.qos.logback', name: 'logback-core', version: '1.2.3'
? 83 problems (0 errors, 83 warnings)
To apply fixes automatically, run fixGradleLint, review, and commit the changes.

5. 刪除無(wú)用依賴(lài)

我們可以看到報(bào)告的最后一句話(huà)，

To apply fixes automatically, run fixGradleLint, review, and commit the changes.

最后，可以執(zhí)行 fixGradleLint 自動(dòng)刪除無(wú)用依賴(lài)。

修復(fù)報(bào)告如下，我們可以看到除了無(wú)用的依賴(lài)，還有一些其他的依賴(lài)也被刪除了，原因是因?yàn)椋J(rèn)為我們可以直接引入其對(duì)應(yīng)的依賴(lài)而不是整個(gè)依賴(lài)包。

例如，compile group: 'com.baomidou', name: 'mybatis-plus-boot-starter', version: '3.3.1' 中我們只用了整個(gè) starter 包的一部分依賴(lài)，可以?xún)H依賴(lài)這一部分依賴(lài)，而不是整個(gè) starter 包。這個(gè)也可以不按照他的推薦，直接手動(dòng)選擇保留。

Executing 'fixGradleLint'...
> Task :compileJava
> Task :processResources UP-TO-DATE
> Task :classes
> Task :compileTestJava
> Task :fixGradleLint
This project contains lint violations. A complete listing of my attempt to fix them follows. Please review and commit the changes.
needs fixing   unused-dependency                  one or more classes in com.baomidou:mybatis-plus-core:3.3.1 are required by your code directly
fixed          unused-dependency                  this dependency is unused and can be removed
build.gradle:105
compile 'org.ehcache:ehcache'
build.gradle:106
compile 'javax.cache:cache-api'
build.gradle:107
compile 'org.mybatis:mybatis-typehandlers-jsr310:1.0.2'
build.gradle:112
testImplementation 'org.springframework.security:spring-security-test'
Corrected 17 lint problems

特殊情況

Lombok

Lombok 是一個(gè)編譯時(shí)自動(dòng)生成 Getter/Setter 和構(gòu)造器的工具。

Nebula Lint 依舊會(huì)檢測(cè)無(wú)用的依賴(lài)，日志如下：

> Task :lintGradle FAILED
This project contains lint violations. A complete listing of the violations follows. 
Because none were serious, the build's overall status was unaffected.
warning   unused-dependency                  this dependency is a service provider unused at compile time and can be moved to the runtime configuration

處理方式(修改版本號(hào))：

gradleLint.ignore('unused-dependency') {
		compileOnly group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version:'1.16.20'
	}

相關(guān) Github issue: Nebula Lint does not handle certain @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE) annotations correctly #170

總結(jié)

使用該插件可以一定程度上幫助我們刪除無(wú)用依賴(lài)，但是也可能會(huì)多刪除有用的依賴(lài)。

需要在使用插件自動(dòng)修復(fù)后手動(dòng)檢測(cè)項(xiàng)目，驗(yàn)證是否會(huì)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，避免導(dǎo)致上線發(fā)布錯(cuò)誤的負(fù)優(yōu)化。

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