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Appium+Python+pytest自動(dòng)化測(cè)試框架的實(shí)戰(zhàn)

 更新時(shí)間:2021年12月23日 09:51:48   作者:蘇世i  
本文主要介紹了Appium+Python+pytest自動(dòng)化測(cè)試框架的實(shí)戰(zhàn),文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),具有一定的參考價(jià)值,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

菜鳥一枚,寫的不好勿噴,大家一起學(xué)習(xí)

先簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下目錄,再貼一些代碼,代碼里有注釋

Basic目錄下寫的是一些公共的方法,Data目錄下寫的是測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù),image存的是測(cè)試失敗截圖,Log日志文件,Page測(cè)試的定位元素,report測(cè)試報(bào)告,Test測(cè)試用例,pytest.ini是pytest啟動(dòng)配置文件,requirements.txt需要安裝的py模塊,run.py運(yùn)行文件

在這里插入圖片描述

Basic/base.py

里面封裝了 一些方法,元素的點(diǎn)擊,輸入,查找,還有一些自己需要的公共方法也封裝在里面,如果你們有別的需要可以自己封裝調(diào)用

# coding=utf-8
import random
import allure
import pymysql
import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from Basic import Log
import os

log = Log.MyLog()


class Base(object):
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    # 自定義一個(gè)元素查找方法
    def find_element(self, feature,timeout=5, poll=1.0):
        # feature = By.XPATH,"http://*[@text='顯示']"
        """
        依據(jù)用戶傳入的元素信息特征,然后返回當(dāng)前用戶想要查找元素
        :param feature: 元組類型,包含用戶希望的查找方式,及該方式對(duì)應(yīng)的值
        :return: 返回當(dāng)前用戶查找的元素
        """
        by = feature[0]
        value = feature[1]
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, poll)
        if by == By.XPATH:
            # print( "說明了用戶想要使用 xpath 路徑的方式來獲取元素" )
            value = self.make_xpath(value)
        return wait.until(lambda x: x.find_element(by,value))

    def find_elements(self, feature):
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 5, 1)
        return wait.until(lambda x: x.find_elements(feature[0], feature[1]))

    def click_element(self, loc):
        '''
            封裝點(diǎn)擊操作函數(shù)
        '''
        self.find_element(loc).click()

    def input_text(self, loc, text):
        '''
            封裝輸入操作函數(shù)
        '''
        self.fm = self.find_element(loc)
        self.fm.clear()  # 需要先清空輸入框,防止有默認(rèn)內(nèi)容
        self.fm.send_keys(text)

    # 自定義了一個(gè)可以自動(dòng)幫我們拼接 xpath 路徑的工具函數(shù)
    def make_xpath(self, feature):
        start_path = "http://*["
        end_path = "]"
        res_path = ""

        if isinstance(feature, str):

            # 如果是字符串 我們不能直接上來就拆我們可以判斷一下它是否是默認(rèn)正確的 xpath 寫法
            if feature.startswith("http://*["):
                return feature

            # 如果用戶輸入的是字符串,那么我們就拆成列表再次進(jìn)行判斷
            split_list = feature.split(",")
            if len(split_list) == 2:
                # //*[contains(@text,'設(shè)')]
                res_path = "%scontains(@%s,'%s')%s" % (start_path, split_list[0], split_list[1], end_path)
            elif len(split_list) == 3:
                # //[@text='設(shè)置']
                res_path = "%s@%s='%s'%s" % (start_path, split_list[0], split_list[1], end_path)
            else:
                print("請(qǐng)按規(guī)則使用")
        elif isinstance(feature, tuple):
            for item in feature:
                # 默認(rèn)用戶在元組當(dāng)中定義的數(shù)據(jù)都是字符串
                split_list2 = item.split(',')
                if len(split_list2) == 2:
                    res_path += "contains(@%s,'%s') and " % (split_list2[0], split_list2[1])
                elif len(split_list2) == 3:
                    res_path += "@%s='%s' and " % (split_list2[0], split_list2[1])
                else:
                    print("請(qǐng)按規(guī)則使用")
            andIndex = res_path.rfind(" and")
            res_path = res_path[0:andIndex]
            res_path = start_path + res_path + end_path
        else:
            print("請(qǐng)按規(guī)則使用")

        return res_path

    def assert_ele_in(self, text, element):
        '''
            封裝斷言操作函數(shù)
        '''
        try:
            assert text in self.find_element(element).text
            assert 0
        except Exception:
            assert 1

    def get_assert_text(self, element):
        ele = self.find_element(element, timeout=5, poll=0.1)
        return ele.text

    # 自定義一個(gè)獲取 toast內(nèi)容的方法
    def get_toast_content(self, message):
        tmp_feature = By.XPATH, "http://*[contains(@text,'%s')]" % message
        ele = self.find_element(tmp_feature)
        return ele.text

    # 自定義一個(gè)工具函數(shù),可以接收用戶傳遞的部分 toast 信息,然后返回一個(gè)布爾值,來告訴
    # 用戶,目標(biāo) toast 到底是否存在
    def is_toast_exist(self, mes):
        # 拿著用戶傳過來的 message 去判斷一下包含該內(nèi)容的 toast 到底是否存在。
        try:
            self.get_toast_content(mes)
            return True
        except Exception:
            # 如果目標(biāo) toast 不存在那么就說明我們的實(shí)際結(jié)果和預(yù)期結(jié)果不一樣
            # 因此我們想要的是斷言失敗
            return False

    def get_mysql(self,  table, value):
        '''連接數(shù)據(jù)庫'''
        # 打開數(shù)據(jù)庫連接
        db = pymysql.connect(host='', port=, db=, user='', passwd='', charset='utf8')
        # 使用 cursor() 方法創(chuàng)建一個(gè)游標(biāo)對(duì)象 cursor
        cursor = db.cursor()
        try:
            # 使用 execute()  方法執(zhí)行 SQL 查詢
            cursor.execute(value)
            db.commit()
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            db.rollback()
        # 使用 fetchone() 方法獲取單條數(shù)據(jù).
        data = cursor.fetchone()
        # 關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫連接
        db.close()
        return data

    def get_xpath(self, value):
        '''封裝獲取xpath方法'''
        text = By.XPATH, '//*[@text="%s"]' % value
        return text

    # 自定義一個(gè)獲取當(dāng)前設(shè)備尺寸的功能
    def get_device_size(self):
        x = self.driver.get_window_size()["width"]
        y = self.driver.get_window_size()["height"]
        return x, y

    # 自定義一個(gè)功能,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)向左滑屏操作。
    def swipe_left(self):
        start_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 0.9
        start_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 0.5
        end_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 0.4
        end_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 0.5
        self.driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y)

    # 自定義一個(gè)功能,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)向上滑屏操作。
    def swipe_up(self):
        start_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 1/2
        start_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 1/2
        end_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 1/2
        end_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 1/7
        self.driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, 500)

    # 切換到微信
    def switch_weixxin(self):
        self.driver.start_activity("com.tencent.mm", ".ui.LauncherUI")

    # 切換到醫(yī)生端
    def switch_doctor(self):
        self.driver.start_activity("com.rjjk_doctor", ".MainActivity")

    # 切換到銷售端
    def switch_sale(self):
        self.driver.start_activity("com.rjjk_sales", ".MainActivity")

    def switch_webview(self):
        # 切換到webview
        print(self.driver.contexts)
        time.sleep(5)
        self.driver.switch_to.context("WEBVIEW_com.tencent.mm:tools")
        print("切換成功")
        time.sleep(3)

    # 自定義根據(jù)坐標(biāo)定位
    def taptest(self, a, b):
        # 設(shè)定系數(shù),控件在當(dāng)前手機(jī)的坐標(biāo)位置除以當(dāng)前手機(jī)的最大坐標(biāo)就是相對(duì)的系數(shù)了
        # 獲取當(dāng)前手機(jī)屏幕大小X,Y
        X = self.driver.get_window_size()['width']
        Y = self.driver.get_window_size()['height']
        # 屏幕坐標(biāo)乘以系數(shù)即為用戶要點(diǎn)擊位置的具體坐標(biāo)
        self.driver.tap([(a * X, b * Y)])

    # 自定義截圖函數(shù)
    def take_screenShot(self):
        '''
        測(cè)試失敗截圖,并把截圖展示到allure報(bào)告中
        '''
        tm = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
        self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(
            os.getcwd() + os.sep + "image/%s.png" % tm)
        allure.attach.file(os.getcwd() + os.sep + "image/%s.png" %
                           tm, attachment_type=allure.attachment_type.PNG)

    # 自定義隨機(jī)生成11位手機(jī)號(hào)
    def create_phone(self):
        # 第二位數(shù)字
        second = [3, 4, 5, 7, 8][random.randint(0, 4)]
        # 第三位數(shù)字
        third = {
            3: random.randint(0, 9),
            4: [5, 7, 9][random.randint(0, 2)],
            5: [i for i in range(10) if i != 4][random.randint(0, 8)],
            7: [i for i in range(10) if i not in [4, 9]][random.randint(0, 7)],
            8: random.randint(0, 9),
        }[second]
        # 最后八位數(shù)字
        suffix = random.randint(9999999, 100000000)
        # 拼接手機(jī)號(hào)
        return "1{}{}{}".format(second, third, suffix)

Basic/deiver.py
APP啟動(dòng)的前置條件,一個(gè)是普通的app,一個(gè)是微信公眾號(hào),配置微信公眾號(hào)自動(dòng)化測(cè)試和一般的APP是有點(diǎn)區(qū)別的,微信需要切換webview才能定位到公眾號(hào)

from appium import webdriver


def init_driver():
    desired_caps = {}
    # 手機(jī) 系統(tǒng)信息
    desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
    desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9'
    # 設(shè)備號(hào)
    desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'emulator-5554'
    # 包名
    desired_caps['appPackage'] = ''
    # 啟動(dòng)名
    desired_caps['appActivity'] = ''
    desired_caps['automationName'] = 'Uiautomator2'
    # 允許輸入中文
    desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True
    desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True
    desired_caps['autoGrantPermissions'] = True
    desired_caps['noReset'] = False
    # 手機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)象
    driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)
    return driver


def driver_weixin():
    desired_caps = {}
    # 手機(jī) 系統(tǒng)信息
    desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
    desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9'
    # 設(shè)備號(hào)
    desired_caps['deviceName'] = ''
    # 包名
    desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.tencent.mm'
    # 啟動(dòng)名
    desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.ui.LauncherUI'
    # desired_caps['automationName'] = 'Uiautomator2'
    # 允許輸入中文
    desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True
    desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True
    desired_caps['noReset'] = True
    # desired_caps["newCommandTimeout"] = 30
    # desired_caps['fullReset'] = 'false'
    # desired_caps['newCommandTimeout'] = 10
    # desired_caps['recreateChromeDriverSessions'] = True
    desired_caps['chromeOptions'] = {'androidProcess': 'com.tencent.mm:tools'}
    # 手機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)象
    driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)
    return driver

Basic/get_data.py
這是獲取測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)的方法

import os
import yaml


def getData(funcname, file):
    PATH = os.getcwd() + os.sep

    with open(PATH + 'Data/' + file + '.yaml', 'r', encoding="utf8") as f:
        data = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)

    # 1 先將我們獲取到的所有數(shù)據(jù)都存放在一個(gè)變量當(dāng)中
    tmpdata = data[funcname]

    # 2 所以此時(shí)我們需要使用循環(huán)走進(jìn)它的內(nèi)心。
    res_arr = list()
    for value in tmpdata.values():
        tmp_arr = list()
        for j in value.values():
            tmp_arr.append(j)

        res_arr.append(tmp_arr)

    return res_arr

Basic/Log.py
日志文件,不多介紹

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
封裝log方法

"""

import logging
import os
import time

LEVELS = {
    'debug': logging.DEBUG,
    'info': logging.INFO,
    'warning': logging.WARNING,
    'error': logging.ERROR,
    'critical': logging.CRITICAL
}

logger = logging.getLogger()
level = 'default'


def create_file(filename):
    path = filename[0:filename.rfind('/')]
    if not os.path.isdir(path):
        os.makedirs(path)
    if not os.path.isfile(filename):
        fd = open(filename, mode='w', encoding='utf-8')
        fd.close()
    else:
        pass


def set_handler(levels):
    if levels == 'error':
        logger.addHandler(MyLog.err_handler)
    logger.addHandler(MyLog.handler)


def remove_handler(levels):
    if levels == 'error':
        logger.removeHandler(MyLog.err_handler)
    logger.removeHandler(MyLog.handler)


def get_current_time():
    return time.strftime(MyLog.date, time.localtime(time.time()))


class MyLog:
    path = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    log_file = path+'/Log/log.log'
    err_file = path+'/Log/err.log'
    logger.setLevel(LEVELS.get(level, logging.NOTSET))
    create_file(log_file)
    create_file(err_file)
    date = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'

    handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, encoding='utf-8')
    err_handler = logging.FileHandler(err_file, encoding='utf-8')

    @staticmethod
    def debug(log_meg):
        set_handler('debug')
        logger.debug("[DEBUG " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
        remove_handler('debug')

    @staticmethod
    def info(log_meg):
        set_handler('info')
        logger.info("[INFO " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
        remove_handler('info')

    @staticmethod
    def warning(log_meg):
        set_handler('warning')
        logger.warning("[WARNING " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
        remove_handler('warning')

    @staticmethod
    def error(log_meg):
        set_handler('error')
        logger.error("[ERROR " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
        remove_handler('error')

    @staticmethod
    def critical(log_meg):
        set_handler('critical')
        logger.error("[CRITICAL " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
        remove_handler('critical')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    MyLog.debug("This is debug message")
    MyLog.info("This is info message")
    MyLog.warning("This is warning message")
    MyLog.error("This is error")
    MyLog.critical("This is critical message")


Basic/Shell.py
執(zhí)行shell語句方法

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2018/8/1 下午2:54
# @Author  : WangJuan
# @File    : Shell.py

"""
封裝執(zhí)行shell語句方法

"""

import subprocess


class Shell:
    @staticmethod
    def invoke(cmd):
        output, errors = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
        o = output.decode("utf-8")
        return o

Page/page.py

class Page:
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    @property
    def initloginpage(self):
        return Login_Page(self.driver)

Test/test_login.py
登陸的測(cè)試用,我貼一條使用數(shù)據(jù)文件的用例

class Test_login:
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("args", getData("test_login_error", 'data_error_login'))
    def test_error_login(self, args):
        """錯(cuò)誤登陸"""
        self.page.initloginpage.input_user(args[0])
        self.page.initloginpage.input_pwd(args[1])
        self.page.initloginpage.click_login()
        toast_status = self.page.initloginpage.is_toast_exist(args[2])
        if toast_status == False:
            self.page.initpatientpage.take_screenShot()
            assert False

pytest.ini
pytest配置文件,注釋的是啟動(dòng)失敗重試3次,因?yàn)閍ppium會(huì)因?yàn)橐恍┎豢煽氐脑蚴?,所有正式運(yùn)行腳本的時(shí)候需要加上這個(gè)

[pytest]
;addopts = -s --html=report/report.html --reruns 3
addopts = -s --html=report/report.html
testpaths = ./Test
python_files = test_*.py
python_classes = Test*
python_functions = test_add_prescription_list



requirements.txt
框架中需要的患教,直接pip install -r requirements.txt 安裝就可以了,可能會(huì)失敗,多試幾次

```python
adbutils==0.3.4
allure-pytest==2.7.0
allure-python-commons==2.7.0
Appium-Python-Client==0.46
atomicwrites==1.3.0
attrs==19.1.0
certifi==2019.6.16
chardet==3.0.4
colorama==0.4.1
coverage==4.5.3
decorator==4.4.0
deprecation==2.0.6
docopt==0.6.2
enum34==1.1.6
facebook-wda==0.3.4
fire==0.1.3
humanize==0.5.1
idna==2.8
importlib-metadata==0.18
logzero==1.5.0
lxml==4.3.4
more-itertools==7.1.0
namedlist==1.7
packaging==19.0
Pillow==6.1.0
pluggy==0.12.0
progress==1.5
py==1.8.0
PyMySQL==0.9.3
pyparsing==2.4.0
pytest==5.0.0
pytest-cov==2.7.1
pytest-html==1.21.1
pytest-metadata==1.8.0
pytest-repeat==0.8.0
pytest-rerunfailures==7.0
PyYAML==5.1.1
requests==2.22.0
retry==0.9.2
selenium==3.141.0
six==1.12.0
tornado==6.0.3
uiautomator2==0.3.3
urllib3==1.25.3
wcwidth==0.1.7
weditor==0.2.3
whichcraft==0.6.0
zipp==0.5.1

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