java使用RestTemplate封裝post請求方式
使用RestTemplate封裝post請求
之前筆者寫過一篇比較實用的文章 java使用httpclient封裝post請求和get的請求,其實java中實現(xiàn)http請求還可以用 RestTemplate 完成,下面給出示例代碼:
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.http.*; import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; import java.nio.charset.Charset; public class HttpHelper { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpHelper.class); private RestTemplate restTemplate; private HttpHeaders httpHeaders; @PostConstruct public void init() { restTemplate = new RestTemplate(); restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(0, new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8"))); httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders(); httpHeaders.setContentType(org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON); } /** * post - json * @param params * @return */ public String post(JSONObject params, String url) { logger.info("請求參數(shù):{}", params.toJSONString()); ResponseEntity<String> response; try { response = restTemplate.exchange( url, HttpMethod.POST, new HttpEntity<>(params, httpHeaders), String.class); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("請求異常", e); return "請求異常"; } logger.info("響應(yīng)結(jié)果:{}", JSONObject.toJSONString(response)); if (response.getStatusCode().equals(HttpStatus.OK)) { logger.info("請求成功,返回結(jié)果:{}", response.getBody()); return response.getBody(); } logger.error("請求失敗,Http狀態(tài)碼:{},返回結(jié)果:{}", response.getStatusCode(), response.getBody()); return response.getBody(); } }
RestTemplate 是 Spring 提供的用于訪問Rest服務(wù)的客戶端,RestTemplate 提供了多種便捷訪問遠(yuǎn)程Http 服務(wù)的方法,能夠大大提高客戶端的編寫效率。
RestTemplate使用封裝
之前接口調(diào)用習(xí)慣性使用HttpClient,代碼復(fù)雜,冗余代碼多,關(guān)心資源回收用起來不是很爽。
RestTemplate默認(rèn)依賴jdk的HTTP連接工具。也可以 通過setRequestFactory屬性切換到不同的HTTP源,比如Apache HttpComponents、Netty、OkHttp。
1、SpringBoot使用RestTemplate(使用apache的httpclient)
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory; import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory; import org.springframework.http.converter.ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.ResourceHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.support.AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; @Configuration public class RestTemplateConfig { @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { //手動指定轉(zhuǎn)換器(HttpMessageConverter) List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = new ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>>(); messageConverters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));//string強(qiáng)制使用UTF-8 messageConverters.add(new ResourceHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new FormHttpMessageConverter()); MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter jacksonConverter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter(); jacksonConverter.getObjectMapper().setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")); messageConverters.add(jacksonConverter); RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplateBuilder().additionalMessageConverters(messageConverters).build(); restTemplate.setRequestFactory(getClientHttpRequestFactory()); return restTemplate; } @Bean public ClientHttpRequestFactory getClientHttpRequestFactory() { // 保持長連接配置,需要在頭添加Keep-Alive final ConnectionKeepAliveStrategy myStrategy = new ConnectionKeepAliveStrategy() { @Override public long getKeepAliveDuration(org.apache.http.HttpResponse response, HttpContext context) { // 設(shè)置一個鏈接的最大存活時間 return 5 * 1000L; } }; PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager pollingConnectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); pollingConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(2000);//最大連接數(shù) pollingConnectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(200);//同路由的最大連接數(shù) CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setConnectionManager(pollingConnectionManager).setKeepAliveStrategy(myStrategy).build(); HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(closeableHttpClient); factory.setConnectTimeout(3000); factory.setReadTimeout(5000); return factory; } }
2、使用jdk原生的
// 添加消息轉(zhuǎn)換器 List messageConverters = new ArrayList(); messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter()); //如果useJ2SEHttp申明為true,則使用JDK自帶的HttpURLConnection SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory(); requestFactory.setReadTimeout(3000); requestFactory.setConnectTimeout(3000); restTemplate = new RestTemplate(requestFactory); restTemplate.setMessageConverters(messageConverters); //這里是添加了攔截器 List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptorList = new ArrayList<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor>(); interceptorList.add(new RequestInteceptor()); restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptorList);
2、攔截器實現(xiàn)ClientHttpRequestInterceptor
(設(shè)置頭信息的時候回使用到)
public class RequestInteceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor { @Override public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException { request.getHeaders().setAll(AppMetadataUtil.getAPP_METADATA()); String traceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", ""); request.getHeaders().set("TraceId", traceId.toString()); return execution.execute(request, body); } }
4、常用的方法
String url = queryInfo?userId={userId}&pageIndex={pageIndex}&pageSize={pageSize}"; HashMap<String,Object> parameterMap = new HashMap<String,Object>(); parameterMap.put("userId", userId); parameterMap.put("pageIndex", pageIndex); parameterMap.put("pageSize", pageSize); String str = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class, parameterMap); String result = restTemp.getForObject(requestUrl.toString(), String.class); //post String url = "http://www.xxx.com/queryInfo" String str = restTemplate.postForObject(url, parameterMap, String.class); //exchange 設(shè)置請求頭 HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); headers.setContentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("application/json;charset=UTF-8")); headers.add("Accept", "application/json;charset=UTF-8"); HttpEntity<String> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<String>("", headers); RestTemplate restTemplate = RestTemplateUtils.getInstance().getRestTemplate(); ResponseEntity<String> exchange = restTemplate.exchange(retailOrderUrl, HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class); String forObject = exchange.getBody(); MultiValueMap<String, Object> requestEntity = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
以上為個人經(jīng)驗,希望能給大家一個參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
相關(guān)文章
Java日常練習(xí)題,每天進(jìn)步一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)(48)
下面小編就為大家?guī)硪黄狫ava基礎(chǔ)的幾道練習(xí)題(分享)。小編覺得挺不錯的,現(xiàn)在就分享給大家,也給大家做個參考。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧,希望可以幫到你2021-08-08Java并發(fā)編程之代碼實現(xiàn)兩玩家交換裝備
這篇文章主要介紹了Java并發(fā)編程之代碼實現(xiàn)兩玩家交換裝備,文中有非常詳細(xì)的代碼示例,對正在學(xué)習(xí)java的小伙伴們有一定的幫助,需要的朋友可以參考下2021-09-09