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MVC框架自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程

更新時(shí)間：2021年08月31日 16:29:49 作者：十二o

這篇文章主要介紹了MVC框架自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程，通過(guò)搞懂什么是MVC以及MVC的運(yùn)行原理然后再去理解其演繹過(guò)程，本文附含了詳細(xì)的思維導(dǎo)圖幫助大家更好的理解MVC

1、思維導(dǎo)圖

2、什么是MVC？

MVC全名是Model View Controller，是模型(model)－視圖(view)－控制器(controller)的縮寫(xiě)，它是一種軟件設(shè)計(jì)典范，用一種業(yè)務(wù)邏輯、數(shù)據(jù)、界面顯示分離的方法組織代碼。

3、運(yùn)行原理

用戶(hù)發(fā)送請(qǐng)求 → 中央控制器接受用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求 → 分析請(qǐng)求連接/獲取到用戶(hù)需要的類(lèi)+方法 → 調(diào)用相對(duì)應(yīng)的Model → 訪(fǎng)問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器

4、演繹過(guò)程

4.1.控制層

BookServlet：

package com.tyf.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet {	
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(req, resp);
	}
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		/**
		 * 增刪改查缺陷:
		 * 		當(dāng)需求發(fā)送改變，或者新增需求的時(shí)候，需要改動(dòng)下面代碼
		 * 
		 * 解決方案:
		 * 		前臺(tái)傳遞name到后臺(tái)，實(shí)際就是想要調(diào)用當(dāng)前(this)類(lèi)對(duì)象的name方法
		 */
		String name = req.getParameter("name");	
		try {
			Method m = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(name, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			m.setAccessible(true);
			m.invoke(this, req,resp);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
		/*if ("add".equals(name)) {
			add(req,resp);
		}else if ("delete".equals(name)) {
			delete(req,resp);
		}else if ("edit".equals(name)) {
			edit(req,resp);
		}else if ("list".equals(name)) {
			list(req,resp);
		}else if ("load".equals(name)) {
			load(req,resp);
		}*/
	}
｝

DispatchServlet：

package com.tyf.framework;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import com.tyf.web.BookAction;
/**
 * 
 * 目標(biāo)：
 * 	根據(jù)自定義mvc框架的原理圖  完成框架的研發(fā)
 * @author Tang  中央控制器
 * 	尋找子控制器
 *
 * 2021年8月30日  下午6:49:35
 */
 
@WebServlet("*.action")
public class DispatchServlet extends HttpServlet {	
	//存放子控制器的容器
	private Map<String , ActionSupport> actions = new HashMap<String , ActionSupport>();
	//初始化子控制器容器(集合),經(jīng)過(guò)初始化,action容器內(nèi)部就有了子控制器
	//init(初始化方法),service(服務(wù)),destroy(銷(xiāo)毀)
	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		actions.put("/book", new BookAction());
	} 
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(req, resp);
	}	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//完成子控制器對(duì)的過(guò)程
		//瀏覽器:http://localhost:8080/J2ee12/book.action?name=add
		//目標(biāo):BookAction.add()...
		/**
		 * 思路:
		 * 	1.從瀏覽器URL中獲取到"/book"字符串
		 * 	2.在子控制器中拿到BookAction
		 * 	3.BookAction.add()
		 */
		String url = req.getRequestURI();
		url = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/"), url.lastIndexOf("."));
		//action=BookAction
		ActionSupport action = actions.get(url);
		action.execute(req, resp);
	}
}

4.2.模型層

ActionSupport：

package com.tyf.framework; 
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
public class ActionSupport implements Action {
 	@Override
	public void execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
		String name = req.getParameter("name");	
		try {
			Method m = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(name, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			m.setAccessible(true);
			m.invoke(this, req,resp);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}  
	} 
}

DispatchServlet：

package com.tyf.framework; 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.tyf.web.BookAction; 
/**
 * 
 * 目標(biāo)：
 * 	根據(jù)自定義mvc框架的原理圖  完成框架的研發(fā)
 * 
 * 
 * @author Tang  中央控制器
 * 	尋找子控制器
 *
 * 2021年8月30日  下午6:49:35
 */ 
@WebServlet("*.action")
public class DispatchServlet extends HttpServlet {	
	//存放子控制器的容器
	private Map<String , ActionSupport> actions = new HashMap<String , ActionSupport>();
	//初始化子控制器容器(集合),經(jīng)過(guò)初始化,action容器內(nèi)部就有了子控制器
	//init(初始化方法),service(服務(wù)),destroy(銷(xiāo)毀)
	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		actions.put("/book", new BookAction());
	}
 	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(req, resp);
	}	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//完成子控制器對(duì)的過(guò)程
		//瀏覽器:http://localhost:8080/J2ee12/book.action?name=add
		//目標(biāo):BookAction.add()...
		/**
		 * 思路:
		 * 	1.從瀏覽器URL中獲取到"/book"字符串
		 * 	2.在子控制器中拿到BookAction
		 * 	3.BookAction.add()
		 */
		String url = req.getRequestURI();
		url = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/"), url.lastIndexOf("."));
		//action=BookAction
		ActionSupport action = actions.get(url);
		action.execute(req, resp);
	}
}

4.3視圖層

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	目前多數(shù)人增刪改查的代碼:
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/add" rel="external nofollow" >增加</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/delete" rel="external nofollow" >刪除</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/edit" rel="external nofollow" >修改</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/list" rel="external nofollow" >查詢(xún)</a>
	<hr>
	增刪改查的代碼2.0
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book.action?name=add" rel="external nofollow" >增加</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book.action?name=delete" rel="external nofollow" >刪除</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book.action?name=edit" rel="external nofollow" >修改</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book.action?name=list" rel="external nofollow" >查詢(xún)</a>
	<hr>
	增刪改查的代碼3.0
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book.action?name=load" rel="external nofollow" >回顯</a>
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book.action?name=ref" rel="external nofollow" >關(guān)聯(lián)</a>
	
</body>
</html>