Java Swing程序設(shè)計實戰(zhàn)

更新時間：2021年05月18日 15:11:02 作者：Tomas·Wilson

今天教大家怎么用JavaSwing工具包實現(xiàn)一個程序的界面設(shè)計,文中有非常詳細(xì)的代碼示例及注釋,對正在學(xué)習(xí)Java的小伙伴們很有幫助,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、按鈕組件

1.1 提交按鈕組件

package swing;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.net.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class JButtonTest extends JFrame {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public JButtonTest() {
		URL url = JButtonTest.class.getResource("imageButton.jpg");
		Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
		setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2, 5, 5)); // 設(shè)置網(wǎng)格布局管理器
		Container c = getContentPane(); // 創(chuàng)建容器
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			// 創(chuàng)建按鈕，同時設(shè)置按鈕文字與圖標(biāo)
			JButton J = new JButton("button" + i, icon);
			c.add(J); // 在容器中添加按鈕
			if (i % 2 == 0) {
				J.setEnabled(false); // 設(shè)置其中一些按鈕不可用
			}
		}
		JButton jb = new JButton(); // 實例化一個沒有文字與圖片的按鈕
		jb.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(90, 30)); // 設(shè)置按鈕與圖片相同大小
		jb.setIcon(icon); // 為按鈕設(shè)置圖標(biāo)
		jb.setHideActionText(true);
		jb.setToolTipText("圖片按鈕"); // 設(shè)置按鈕提示為文字
		jb.setBorderPainted(false); // 設(shè)置按鈕邊界不顯示
		jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { // 為按鈕添加監(jiān)聽事件
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				// 彈出確認(rèn)對話框
				JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "彈出對話框");
			}
		});
		c.add(jb); // 將按鈕添加到容器中

		setTitle("創(chuàng)建帶文字與圖片的按鈕");
		setSize(350, 150);
		setVisible(true);
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
	}

	public static void main(String args[]) {
		new JButtonTest();
	}
}

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1.2 復(fù)選框組件

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class CheckBoxTest extends JFrame {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private JPanel panel1 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panel2 = new JPanel();
    private JTextArea jt = new JTextArea(3, 10);
    private JCheckBox jc1 = new JCheckBox("1");
    private JCheckBox jc2 = new JCheckBox("2");
    private JCheckBox jc3 = new JCheckBox("3");
    public CheckBoxTest() {
        Container c = getContentPane();

        c.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        c.add(panel1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        final JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jt);
        panel1.add(scrollPane);

        c.add(panel2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        panel2.add(jc1);
        jc1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                if (jc1.isSelected())
                    jt.append("復(fù)選框1被選中\(zhòng)n");
            }
        });

        panel2.add(jc2);
        jc2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                if (jc2.isSelected())
                    jt.append("復(fù)選框2被選中\(zhòng)n");
            }
        });

        panel2.add(jc3);
        jc3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                if (jc3.isSelected())
                    jt.append("復(fù)選框3被選中\(zhòng)n");
            }
        });

        setSize(200, 160);
        setVisible(true);
        setTitle("復(fù)選框的使用");
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new CheckBoxTest();

    }

}

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二、列表組件

2.1 JComboBox類

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class JComboBoxModelTest extends JFrame {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	JComboBox<String> jc = new JComboBox<>(new MyComboBox());
	JLabel jl = new JLabel("請選擇證件");

	public JComboBoxModelTest() {
		setSize(new Dimension(160, 180));
		setVisible(true);
		setTitle("在窗口中設(shè)置下拉列表框");
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		cp.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
		cp.add(jl);
		cp.add(jc);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new JComboBoxModelTest();

	}

}

class MyComboBox extends AbstractListModel<String> implements ComboBoxModel<String> {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	String selecteditem = null;
	String[] test = { "身份證", "軍人證", "學(xué)生證", "工作證" };

	public String getElementAt(int index) {
		return test[index];
	}

	public int getSize() {
		return test.length;
	}

	public void setSelectedItem(Object item) {
		selecteditem = (String) item;
	}

	public Object getSelectedItem() {
		return selecteditem;
	}

	public int getIndex() {
		for (int i = 0; i < test.length; i++) {
			if (test[i].equals(getSelectedItem()))
				return i;
		}
		return 0;
	}
}

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2.2 列表框組件

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class JListTest extends JFrame {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public JListTest() {
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		
		cp.setLayout(null);
		JList<String> jl = new JList<>(new MyListModel());
		JScrollPane js = new JScrollPane(jl);
		js.setBounds(10, 10, 100, 100);
		cp.add(js);
		setTitle("在這個窗體中使用了列表框");
		setSize(200, 150);
		setVisible(true);
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
	}
	
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		new JListTest();
	}
}

class MyListModel extends AbstractListModel<String> {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private String[] contents = { "列表1", "列表2", "列表3", "列表4", "列表5", "列表6" };
	
	public String getElementAt(int x) {
		if (x < contents.length)
			return contents[x++];
		else
			return null;
	}
	
	public int getSize() {
		return contents.length;
	}
}

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三、文本組件

3.1 文本框組件

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class JTextFieldTest extends JFrame {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public JTextFieldTest() {
		setSize(250, 100);
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
		final JTextField jt = new JTextField("aaa", 20);
		final JButton jb = new JButton("清除");
		cp.add(jt);
		cp.add(jb);
		jt.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
				// TODO 自動生成方法存根
				jt.setText("觸發(fā)事件");
			}
		});
		jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
				jt.setText("");
				jt.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		setVisible(true);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new JTextFieldTest();
	}
}

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3.2 密碼框

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class JTextFieldTest extends JFrame {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public JTextFieldTest() {
		setSize(250, 100);
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
//		final JTextField jt=new JTextField("aaa",20);
		JPasswordField jp = new JPasswordField("", 20);
		jp.setEchoChar('*');
		final JButton jb = new JButton("清除");

		cp.add(jp);
		cp.add(jb);
		jp.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
				// TODO 自動生成方法存根
				jp.setText("觸發(fā)事件");
			}
		});
		jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
				jp.setText("");
				jp.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		setVisible(true);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new JTextFieldTest();
	}
}

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3.3 文本域組件

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class JTextAreaTest extends JFrame {
	public JTextAreaTest() {
		setSize(200, 100);
		setTitle("定義自動換行的文本域");
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		JTextArea jt = new JTextArea("文本域", 6, 6);
		jt.setLineWrap(true);
		cp.add(jt);
		setVisible(true);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new JTextAreaTest();

	}

}

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四、常用時間監(jiān)聽器

4.1 動作事件監(jiān)聽器

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class SimpleEvent extends JFrame {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private JButton jb = new JButton("我是按鈕，點擊我");

	public SimpleEvent() {
		setLayout(null);
		setSize(200, 100);
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		cp.add(jb);
		jb.setBounds(10, 10, 100, 30);
		jb.addActionListener(new jbAction());
		setVisible(true);
	}

	class jbAction implements ActionListener {
		public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
			jb.setText("我被單擊了");
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new SimpleEvent();
	}
}

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4.2 焦點事件監(jiān)聽器

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class FocusEventTest extends JFrame {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public FocusEventTest() {
		setSize(250, 100);
		setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		Container cp = getContentPane();
		getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());

		final JLabel label = new JLabel();
		getContentPane().add(label);
		JTextField jt = new JTextField("請單擊其他文本框", 10);
		JTextField jt2 = new JTextField("請單擊我", 10);
		cp.add(jt);
		cp.add(jt2);
		jt.addFocusListener(new FocusListener() {
			// 組件失去焦點時調(diào)用的方法
			public void focusLost(FocusEvent arg0) {
				JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "文本框失去焦點");
			}

			// 組件獲取鍵盤焦點時調(diào)用的方法
			public void focusGained(FocusEvent arg0) {
			}
		});
		setVisible(true);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new FocusEventTest();
	}

}

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