Java學(xué)習(xí)教程之定時(shí)任務(wù)全家桶
定時(shí)任務(wù)應(yīng)用非常廣泛,Java提供的現(xiàn)有解決方案有很多。
本次主要講schedule、quartz、xxl-job、shedlock等相關(guān)的代碼實(shí)踐。
一、SpringBoot使用Schedule
核心代碼:
@Component public class ScheduleTask { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleTask.class); @Scheduled(cron = "0/1 * * * * ? ") public void one() { logger.info("one:" + new Date()); } @Scheduled(cron = "0/1 * * * * ? ") public void two() { logger.info("two:" + new Date()); } @Scheduled(cron = "0/1 * * * * ? ") public void three() { logger.info("three:" + new Date()); } }
運(yùn)行效果如下:
除此之外還可以這樣實(shí)現(xiàn),核心代碼:
@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:task.properties", }, encoding = "utf-8") @Component("scheduleTask") public class ScheduleTask implements SchedulingConfigurer { @Value("${TEST_JOB_TASK_CRON}") private String cron; @Override public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar scheduledTaskRegistrar) { scheduledTaskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println("執(zhí)行任務(wù):" + DateUtil.date()); } }, new Trigger() { @Override public Date nextExecutionTime(TriggerContext triggerContext) { return new CronTrigger(cron).nextExecutionTime(triggerContext); } }); } public void setCron(String cron) { this.cron = cron; } }
有朋友或許很疑惑,為什么要寫(xiě)這么一大堆,這個(gè)與前面的代碼又有何區(qū)別呢?
區(qū)別是多線程并行。其實(shí)多線程并行也可以不用這么寫(xiě),只需寫(xiě)一段核心配置類(lèi)代碼即可。
定時(shí)任務(wù)多線程配置類(lèi):
@Configuration public class ScheduleConfig implements SchedulingConfigurer { public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar scheduledTaskRegistrar) { scheduledTaskRegistrar.setScheduler(Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(5)); } }
再次啟動(dòng),查看效果,如下:
由此看出走不同的線程執(zhí)行,不同的線程執(zhí)行的好處是,如果某一個(gè)線程掛掉后,并不會(huì)阻塞導(dǎo)致其它定時(shí)任務(wù)無(wú)法執(zhí)行。
另外如果要想并發(fā)執(zhí)行,前面的配置可以不要,直接用SpringBoot提供的現(xiàn)成注解即可,核心代碼如下:
@Component @EnableAsync public class ScheduleAsyncTask { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleAsyncTask.class); @Scheduled(cron = "0/1 * * * * ? ") @Async public void one() { logger.info("one Async:" + new Date()); } @Scheduled(cron = "0/1 * * * * ? ") @Async public void two() { logger.info("two Async:" + new Date()); } @Scheduled(cron = "0/1 * * * * ? ") @Async public void three() { logger.info("three Async:" + new Date()); } }
除此外,還有基于schedule動(dòng)態(tài)定時(shí)任務(wù)(所謂動(dòng)態(tài)只不過(guò)是指cron表達(dá)式放在對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)表里),簡(jiǎn)單示例代碼:
@Configuration public class DynamicScheduleTask implements SchedulingConfigurer { @Autowired @SuppressWarnings("all") CronMapper cronMapper; @Mapper public interface CronMapper { @Select("select cron from cron limit 1") public String getCron(); } /** * 執(zhí)行定時(shí)任務(wù). */ public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) { taskRegistrar.addTriggerTask( //1.添加任務(wù)內(nèi)容(Runnable) () -> System.out.println("執(zhí)行動(dòng)態(tài)定時(shí)任務(wù): " + LocalDateTime.now().toLocalTime()), //2.設(shè)置執(zhí)行周期(Trigger) triggerContext -> { //2.1 從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲取執(zhí)行周期 String cron = cronMapper.getCron(); //2.2 合法性校驗(yàn). if (StringUtils.isEmpty(cron)) { // Omitted Code .. } //2.3 返回執(zhí)行周期(Date) return new CronTrigger(cron).nextExecutionTime(triggerContext); } ); } }
核心配置文件(application.yml):
spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test username: root password: 1234
SQL腳本:
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `test`; CREATE DATABASE `test`; USE `test`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cron`; CREATE TABLE `cron` ( `cron_id` varchar(30) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `cron` varchar(30) NOT NULL ); INSERT INTO `cron` VALUES ('1', '0/5 * * * * ?');
運(yùn)行效果如下:
二、SpringBoot使用Quartz
1.Maven依賴
<!--引入quartz定時(shí)框架--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId> </dependency>
2.配置文件
spring: quartz: #相關(guān)屬性配置 properties: org: quartz: scheduler: instanceName: clusteredScheduler instanceId: AUTO jobStore: class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate tablePrefix: QRTZ_ isClustered: true clusterCheckinInterval: 10000 useProperties: false threadPool: class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool threadCount: 10 threadPriority: 5 threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: true #數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)方式 job-store-type: jdbc #初始化表結(jié)構(gòu) jdbc: initialize-schema: always datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test username: root password: 1234
3.啟動(dòng)類(lèi)
@SpringBootApplication @EnableScheduling public class BlogQuartzApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(BlogQuartzApplication.class, args); } }
4.配置類(lèi)
@Configuration public class QuartzConfiguration { // 使用jobDetail包裝job @Bean public JobDetail myCronJobDetail() { return JobBuilder.newJob(CouponTimeOutJob.class).withIdentity("couponTimeOutJob").storeDurably().build(); } // 把jobDetail注冊(cè)到Cron表達(dá)式的trigger上去 @Bean public Trigger CronJobTrigger() { CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/1 * * * * ?"); return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .forJob(myCronJobDetail()) .withIdentity("CouponTimeOutJobTrigger") .withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder) .build(); } }
5.定時(shí)任務(wù)類(lèi)
public class CouponTimeOutJob extends QuartzJobBean { @Override protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException { System.out.println("定時(shí)任務(wù)執(zhí)行"); } }
6.啟動(dòng)成功不報(bào)錯(cuò)
(1)對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)會(huì)生成定時(shí)任務(wù)相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)表
(2)控制臺(tái)不斷輸出定時(shí)任務(wù)執(zhí)行日志
三、SpringBoot使用xxl-job
之前寫(xiě)過(guò)一樣的例子,如今簡(jiǎn)化了下。
關(guān)于xxl-job使用詳情,可以參考我的這篇文章:
1.Maven依賴
<dependency> <groupId>com.xuxueli</groupId> <artifactId>xxl-job-core</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency>
2.配置類(lèi)
@Configuration public class XxlJobConfig { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(XxlJobConfig.class); @Value("${xxl.job.admin.addresses}") private String adminAddresses; @Value("${xxl.job.executor.appname}") private String appName; @Value("${xxl.job.executor.ip}") private String ip; @Value("${xxl.job.executor.port}") private int port; @Value("${xxl.job.accessToken}") private String accessToken; @Value("${xxl.job.executor.logpath}") private String logPath; @Value("${xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays}") private int logRetentionDays; @Bean(initMethod = "start", destroyMethod = "destroy") public XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobExecutor() { logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-job config init."); XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobSpringExecutor = new XxlJobSpringExecutor(); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAdminAddresses(adminAddresses); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAppname(appName); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setIp(ip); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setPort(port); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAccessToken(accessToken); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogPath(logPath); xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogRetentionDays(logRetentionDays); return xxlJobSpringExecutor; } }
3.配置文件內(nèi)容
# web port server.port=8081 # no web #spring.main.web-environment=false ### xxl-job admin address list, such as "http://address" or "http://address01,http://address02" xxl.job.admin.addresses=http://127.0.0.1:8080/xxl-job-admin ### xxl-job, access token xxl.job.accessToken= ### xxl-job executor appname xxl.job.executor.appname=blog-job-xxl-job ### xxl-job executor registry-address: default use address to registry , otherwise use ip:port if address is null xxl.job.executor.address= ### xxl-job executor server-info xxl.job.executor.ip= xxl.job.executor.port=8888 ### xxl-job executor log-path xxl.job.executor.logpath=/data/applogs/xxl-job/jobhandler ### xxl-job executor log-retention-days xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays=30
4.定時(shí)任務(wù)類(lèi)
@Component public class XxlJobTaskExample { @XxlJob("blogJobHandler") public ReturnT<String> blogJobHandler(String param) throws Exception { System.out.println("執(zhí)行"); XxlJobLogger.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World."); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { XxlJobLogger.log("beat at:" + i); TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2); } return ReturnT.SUCCESS; } }
5.執(zhí)行效果
分別如下所示:
四、SpringBoot使用ShedLock
1.導(dǎo)入Maven依賴
<!-- 分布式定時(shí)任務(wù)鎖 --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.javacrumbs.shedlock/shedlock-spring --> <dependency> <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId> <artifactId>shedlock-spring</artifactId> <version>4.0.4</version> </dependency> <!-- 使用redis做分布式任務(wù) --> <dependency> <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId> <artifactId>shedlock-provider-redis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <!-- redis組件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
2.編寫(xiě)配置類(lèi)
@Configuration @EnableSchedulerLock(defaultLockAtMostFor = "PT30M") public class ShedLockConfig { @Bean public LockProvider lockProvider(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) { return new RedisLockProvider(redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory()); } }
3.編寫(xiě)具體的定時(shí)任務(wù)
@Component public class TaskSchedule { /** * 每分鐘執(zhí)行一次 * [秒] [分] [小時(shí)] [日] [月] [周] [年] */ @Scheduled(cron = "1 * * * * ?") @SchedulerLock(name = "synchronousSchedule") public void SynchronousSchedule() { System.out.println("Start run schedule to synchronous data:" + new Date()); } }
4.編寫(xiě)啟動(dòng)類(lèi)
@SpringBootApplication @EnableScheduling public class ShedLockRedisApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ShedLockRedisApplication.class); } }
5.配置文件
server: tomcat: uri-encoding: UTF-8 max-threads: 1000 min-spare-threads: 30 port: 8083 spring: redis: database: 0 host: localhost port: 6379 password: # 密碼(默認(rèn)為空) timeout: 6000ms # 連接超時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)(毫秒) jedis: pool: max-active: 1000 # 連接池最大連接數(shù)(使用負(fù)值表示沒(méi)有限制) max-wait: -1ms # 連接池最大阻塞等待時(shí)間(使用負(fù)值表示沒(méi)有限制) max-idle: 10 # 連接池中的最大空閑連接 min-idle: 5 # 連接池中的最小空閑連接
6.測(cè)試
我之所以用shedlock是因?yàn)榇_保在集群環(huán)境下各微服務(wù)的定時(shí)任務(wù)只執(zhí)行一個(gè),而不是全部都運(yùn)行相同的定時(shí)任務(wù)。
本次測(cè)試效果如下:
本次代碼例子已放至我的GitHub:https://github.com/developers-youcong/blog-job
到此這篇關(guān)于Java學(xué)習(xí)教程之定時(shí)任務(wù)全家桶的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Java定時(shí)任務(wù)全家桶內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
- Java spring定時(shí)任務(wù)詳解
- Java ScheduledExecutorService定時(shí)任務(wù)案例講解
- Java之SpringBoot定時(shí)任務(wù)案例講解
- Java 實(shí)現(xiàn)定時(shí)任務(wù)的三種方法
- java使用@Scheduled注解執(zhí)行定時(shí)任務(wù)
- Java中實(shí)現(xiàn)分布式定時(shí)任務(wù)的方法
- java定時(shí)任務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的4種方式小結(jié)
- JAVA使用quartz添加定時(shí)任務(wù),并依賴注入對(duì)象操作
- Java如何實(shí)現(xiàn)定時(shí)任務(wù)
- Java中定時(shí)任務(wù)的6種實(shí)現(xiàn)方式
相關(guān)文章
mybatis中<choose>標(biāo)簽的用法說(shuō)明
這篇文章主要介紹了mybatis中<choose>標(biāo)簽的用法說(shuō)明,具有很好的參考價(jià)值,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。如有錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教2022-06-06Java網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程TCP實(shí)現(xiàn)聊天功能
這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了Java網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程TCP實(shí)現(xiàn)聊天功能,文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),具有一定的參考價(jià)值,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下2021-07-07Java Listener監(jiān)聽(tīng)器使用規(guī)范詳細(xì)介紹
監(jiān)聽(tīng)器是一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)用于對(duì)其他對(duì)象身上發(fā)生的事件或狀態(tài)改變進(jìn)行監(jiān)聽(tīng)和相應(yīng)處理的對(duì)象,當(dāng)被監(jiān)視的對(duì)象發(fā)生情況時(shí),立即采取相應(yīng)的行動(dòng)。監(jiān)聽(tīng)器其實(shí)就是一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)特定接口的普通java程序,這個(gè)程序?qū)iT(mén)用于監(jiān)聽(tīng)另一個(gè)java對(duì)象的方法調(diào)用或?qū)傩愿淖?/div> 2023-01-01spring boot啟動(dòng)加載數(shù)據(jù)原理分析
實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,我們會(huì)有在項(xiàng)目服務(wù)啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候就去加載一些數(shù)據(jù)或做一些事情這樣的需求。這時(shí)spring Boot 為我們提供了一個(gè)方法,通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn)接口 CommandLineRunner 來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。下面給大家詳細(xì)介紹下,需要的的朋友參考下吧2017-04-04最新評(píng)論