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Python接口開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟詳解

更新時(shí)間：2020年04月26日 09:54:25 作者：天天向上327

這篇文章主要介紹了Python接口開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟詳解,文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、操作步驟

1. 導(dǎo)入：import flask,json
2. 實(shí)例化：api = flask.Flask(__name__)
3. 定義接口訪問(wèn)路徑及訪問(wèn)方式：@api.route('/index',methods=['get/post/PUT/DELETE'])
4. 定義函數(shù)，注意需與路徑的名稱一致，設(shè)置返回類型并支持中文：def index(): return json.dumps(ren,ensure_ascii=False)
5. 三種格式入?yún)⒃L問(wèn)接口：
5.1 url格式入?yún)ⅲ篺lask.request.args.get('id')
5.2 form-data格式入?yún)ⅲ簆wd = flask.request.values.get('pwd')
5.3 josn格式入?yún)ⅲ簆wd = flask.request.json.get('pwd')
6. 啟動(dòng)服務(wù)：api.run(port=8888,debug=True,host='127.0.0.1')，開(kāi)啟服務(wù)之后，就可以通過(guò)ip+端口+路徑+入?yún)⒃L問(wèn)接口

二、源碼舉例

#!/usr/bin/python3
# encoding:utf-8
import flask,json
# 實(shí)例化api，把當(dāng)前這個(gè)python文件當(dāng)作一個(gè)服務(wù)，__name__代表當(dāng)前這個(gè)python文件
api = flask.Flask(__name__) 

# 'index'是接口路徑，methods不寫(xiě)，默認(rèn)get請(qǐng)求     
@api.route('/index',methods=['get']) 
# get方式訪問(wèn)
def index():
  ren = {'msg':'成功訪問(wèn)首頁(yè)','msg_code':200}
  #json.dumps 序列化時(shí)對(duì)中文默認(rèn)使用的ascii編碼.想輸出中文需要指定ensure_ascii=False
  return json.dumps(ren,ensure_ascii=False)

#post入?yún)⒃L問(wèn)方式一：url格式參數(shù)
@api.route('/article',methods=['post']) 
def article():
  #url格式參數(shù)?id=12589&name='lishi'
  id = flask.request.args.get('id')
  
  if id:
    if id == '12589':
      ren = {'msg':'成功訪問(wèn)文章','msg_code':200}
    else:
      ren = {'msg':'找不到文章','msg_code':400}
  else:
    ren = {'msg':'請(qǐng)輸入文章id參數(shù)','msg_code':-1}
  return json.dumps(ren,ensure_ascii=False)

#post入?yún)⒃L問(wèn)方式二：from-data（k-v）格式參數(shù)
@api.route('/login',methods=['post'])
def login():
  #from-data格式參數(shù)
  usrname = flask.request.values.get('usrname')
  pwd = flask.request.values.get('pwd')
  
  if usrname and pwd:
    if usrname =='test' and pwd =='123456':
      ren = {'msg':'登錄成功','msg_code':200}
    else:
      ren = {'msg':'用戶名或密碼錯(cuò)誤','msg_code':-1}
  else:
    ren = {'msg':'用戶名或密碼為空','msg_code':1001}
  return json.dumps(ren,ensure_ascii=False)

#post入?yún)⒃L問(wèn)方式二：josn格式參數(shù)  
@api.route('/loginjosn',methods=['post'])
def loginjosn():
  #from-data格式參數(shù)
  usrname = flask.request.json.get('usrname')
  pwd = flask.request.json.get('pwd')
  
  if usrname and pwd:
    if usrname =='test' and pwd =='123456':
      ren = {'msg':'登錄成功','msg_code':200}
    else:
      ren = {'msg':'用戶名或密碼錯(cuò)誤','msg_code':-1}
  else:
    ren = {'msg':'用戶名或密碼為空','msg_code':1001}
  return json.dumps(ren,ensure_ascii=False)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  api.run(port=8888,debug=True,host='127.0.0.1') # 啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
  # debug=True,改了代碼后，不用重啟，它會(huì)自動(dòng)重啟
  # 'host='127.0.0.1'別IP訪問(wèn)地址

運(yùn)行結(jié)果

* Serving Flask app "restful" (lazy loading)
* Environment: production
WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Debug mode: on
* Restarting with stat
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: 249-915-285
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:8888/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)

三、postman訪問(wèn)接口

get方式，無(wú)參數(shù)訪問(wèn)接口