python爬蟲開發(fā)之使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100實(shí)例
使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100思路:
- 查看網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
- 抓取單頁(yè)內(nèi)容
- 正則表達(dá)式提取信息
- 貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
- 多線程抓取
- 運(yùn)行平臺(tái):windows
- Python版本:Python 3.7.
- IDE:Sublime Text
- 瀏覽器:Chrome瀏覽器
1.查看貓眼電影TOP100網(wǎng)頁(yè)原代碼
按F12查看網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼發(fā)現(xiàn)每一個(gè)電影的信息都在“<dd></dd>”標(biāo)簽之中。

點(diǎn)開之后,信息如下:

2.抓取單頁(yè)內(nèi)容
在瀏覽器中打開貓眼電影網(wǎng)站,點(diǎn)擊“榜單”,再點(diǎn)擊“TOP100榜”如下圖:

接下來通過以下代碼獲取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼:
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施,設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
def main():
url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
print(html)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:

3.正則表達(dá)式提取信息
上圖標(biāo)示信息即為要提取的信息,代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下:
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施,設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
#正則表達(dá)式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a'
+'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,html)
for item in items:
yield{
'index':item[0],
'image':item[1],
'title':item[2],
'actor':item[3].strip()[3:],
'time':item[4].strip()[5:],
'score':item[5]+item[6]
}
def main():
url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
for item in parse_one_page(html):
print(item)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:

4.貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
上邊代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)單頁(yè)的信息抓取,要想爬取100個(gè)電影的信息,先觀察每一頁(yè)url的變化,點(diǎn)開每一頁(yè)我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)url進(jìn)行變化,原url后面多了‘?offset=0',且offset的值變化從0,10,20,變化如下:


代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下:
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施,設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
#正則表達(dá)式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a'
+'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,html)
for item in items:
yield{
'index':item[0],
'image':item[1],
'title':item[2],
'actor':item[3].strip()[3:],
'time':item[4].strip()[5:],
'score':item[5]+item[6]
}
#貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
def write_to_file(content):
#encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使寫入文件的代碼顯示為中文
with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f:
f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n')
f.close()
#下載電影封面
def save_image_file(url,path):
jd = requests.get(url)
if jd.status_code == 200:
with open(path,'wb') as f:
f.write(jd.content)
f.close()
def main(offset):
url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset)
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
if not os.path.exists('covers'):
os.mkdir('covers')
for item in parse_one_page(html):
print(item)
write_to_file(item)
save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg')
if __name__ == '__main__':
#對(duì)每一頁(yè)信息進(jìn)行爬取
for i in range(10):
main(i*10)
爬取結(jié)果如下:


5.多線程抓取
進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)多線程爬取時(shí)間明顯較快:

多線程:

以下為完整代碼:
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
from multiprocessing import Pool
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施,設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
#正則表達(dá)式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a'
+'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,html)
for item in items:
yield{
'index':item[0],
'image':item[1],
'title':item[2],
'actor':item[3].strip()[3:],
'time':item[4].strip()[5:],
'score':item[5]+item[6]
}
#貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
def write_to_file(content):
#encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使寫入文件的代碼顯示為中文
with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f:
f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n')
f.close()
#下載電影封面
def save_image_file(url,path):
jd = requests.get(url)
if jd.status_code == 200:
with open(path,'wb') as f:
f.write(jd.content)
f.close()
def main(offset):
url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset)
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
if not os.path.exists('covers'):
os.mkdir('covers')
for item in parse_one_page(html):
print(item)
write_to_file(item)
save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg')
if __name__ == '__main__':
#對(duì)每一頁(yè)信息進(jìn)行爬取
pool = Pool()
pool.map(main,[i*10 for i in range(10)])
pool.close()
pool.join()
本文主要講解了使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)例,更多關(guān)于Python爬蟲庫(kù)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)查看下面的相關(guān)鏈接
- Python用requests-html爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)的實(shí)現(xiàn)
- python爬蟲 requests-html的使用
- Python爬蟲工具requests-html使用解析
- 小眾實(shí)用的Python 爬蟲庫(kù)RoboBrowser
- python爬蟲開發(fā)之使用python爬蟲庫(kù)requests,urllib與今日頭條搜索功能爬取搜索內(nèi)容實(shí)例
- Python爬蟲庫(kù)BeautifulSoup獲取對(duì)象(標(biāo)簽)名,屬性,內(nèi)容,注釋
- Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests-html進(jìn)行HTTP請(qǐng)求HTML解析等高級(jí)功能應(yīng)用
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