tensorflow2.0保存和恢復模型3種方法

更新時間：2020年02月03日 16:31:55 作者：李宜君

今天小編就為大家分享一篇tensorflow2.0保存和恢復模型3種方法，具有很好的參考價值，希望對大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

方法1：只保存模型的權重和偏置

這種方法不會保存整個網(wǎng)絡的結構，只是保存模型的權重和偏置，所以在后期恢復模型之前，必須手動創(chuàng)建和之前模型一模一樣的模型，以保證權重和偏置的維度和保存之前的相同。

tf.keras.model類中的save_weights方法和load_weights方法，參數(shù)解釋我就直接搬運官網(wǎng)的內容了。

save_weights(
 filepath,
 overwrite=True,
 save_format=None
)

Arguments:

filepath: String, path to the file to save the weights to. When saving in TensorFlow format, this is the prefix used for checkpoint files (multiple files are generated). Note that the '.h5' suffix causes weights to be saved in HDF5 format.

overwrite: Whether to silently overwrite any existing file at the target location, or provide the user with a manual prompt.

save_format: Either 'tf' or 'h5'. A filepath ending in '.h5' or '.keras' will default to HDF5 if save_format is None. Otherwise None defaults to 'tf'.

load_weights(
 filepath,
 by_name=False
)

實例1：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers
 
# step1 加載訓練集和測試集合
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train),(x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
 
 
# step2 創(chuàng)建模型
def create_model():
 return tf.keras.models.Sequential([
 tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
 tf.keras.layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'),
 tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
 tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
 ])
model = create_model()
 
# step3 編譯模型 主要是確定優(yōu)化方法，損失函數(shù)等
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
  loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
  metrics=['accuracy'])
 
# step4 模型訓練 訓練一個epochs
model.fit(x=x_train,
  y=y_train,
  epochs=1,
  )
 
# step5 模型測試
loss, acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
print("train model, accuracy:{:5.2f}%".format(100 * acc))
 
# step6 保存模型的權重和偏置
model.save_weights('./save_weights/my_save_weights')
 
# step7 刪除模型
del model
 
# step8 重新創(chuàng)建模型
model = create_model()
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
  loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
  metrics=['accuracy'])
 
# step9 恢復權重
model.load_weights('./save_weights/my_save_weights')
 
# step10 測試模型
loss, acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
print("Restored model, accuracy:{:5.2f}%".format(100 * acc))

train model, accuracy:96.55%

Restored model, accuracy:96.55%

可以看到在模型的權重和偏置恢復之后，在測試集合上同樣達到了訓練之前相同的準確率。

方法2：直接保存整個模型

這種方法會將網(wǎng)絡的結構，權重和優(yōu)化器的狀態(tài)等參數(shù)全部保存下來，后期恢復的時候就沒必要創(chuàng)建新的網(wǎng)絡了。

tf.keras.model類中的save方法和load_model方法

save(
 filepath,
 overwrite=True,
 include_optimizer=True,
 save_format=None
)

Arguments:

filepath: String, path to SavedModel or H5 file to save the model.

overwrite: Whether to silently overwrite any existing file at the target location, or provide the user with a manual prompt.

include_optimizer: If True, save optimizer's state together.

save_format: Either 'tf' or 'h5', indicating whether to save the model to Tensorflow SavedModel or HDF5. The default is currently 'h5', but will switch to 'tf' in TensorFlow 2.0. The 'tf' option is currently disabled (use tf.keras.experimental.export_saved_model instead).

實例2：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers
 
 
# step1 加載訓練集和測試集合
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train),(x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
 
 
# step2 創(chuàng)建模型
def create_model():
 return tf.keras.models.Sequential([
 tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
 tf.keras.layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'),
 tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
 tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
 ])
model = create_model()
 
# step3 編譯模型 主要是確定優(yōu)化方法，損失函數(shù)等
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
  loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
  metrics=['accuracy'])
 
# step4 模型訓練 訓練一個epochs
model.fit(x=x_train,
  y=y_train,
  epochs=1,
  )
 
# step5 模型測試
loss, acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
print("train model, accuracy:{:5.2f}%".format(100 * acc))
 
# step6 保存模型的權重和偏置
model.save('my_model.h5') # creates a HDF5 file 'my_model.h5'
 
# step7 刪除模型
del model # deletes the existing model
 
 
# step8 恢復模型
# returns a compiled model
# identical to the previous one
restored_model = tf.keras.models.load_model('my_model.h5')
 
# step9 測試模型
loss, acc = restored_model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
print("Restored model, accuracy:{:5.2f}%".format(100 * acc))

train model, accuracy:96.94%

Restored model, accuracy:96.94%

方法3：使用tf.keras.callbacks.ModelCheckpoint方法在訓練過程中保存模型

該方法繼承自tf.keras.callbacks類，一般配合mode.fit函數(shù)使用

以上這篇tensorflow2.0保存和恢復模型3種方法就是小編分享給大家的全部內容了，希望能給大家一個參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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