Python二維碼生成識別實例詳解

更新時間：2019年07月16日 15:16:40 作者：小柒

這篇文章主要介紹了Python二維碼生成識別實例詳解,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值,需要的朋友可以參考下

前言

在 JavaWeb 開發(fā)中，一般使用 Zxing 來生成和識別二維碼，但是，Zxing 的識別有點差強人意，不少相對模糊的二維碼識別率很低。不過就最新版本的測試來說，識別率有了現顯著提高。

對比

在沒接觸 Python 之前，曾使用 Zbar 的客戶端進行識別，測了大概幾百張相對模糊的圖片，Zbar的識別速度要快很多，識別率也比 Zxing 稍微準確那邊一丟丟，但是，稍微模糊一點就無法識別。相比之下，微信和支付寶的識別效果就逆天了。

代碼案例

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
import qrcode
import time
from PIL import Image
from pyzbar import pyzbar

"""
# 升級 pip 并安裝第三方庫
pip install -U pip
pip install Pillow
pip install pyzbar
pip install qrcode
"""


def make_qr_code_easy(content, save_path=None):
  """
  Generate QR Code by default
  :param content: The content encoded in QR Codeparams
  :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.
           If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.
  """
  img = qrcode.make(data=content)
  if save_path:
    img.save(save_path)
  else:
    img.show()


def make_qr_code(content, save_path=None):
  """
  Generate QR Code by given params
  :param content: The content encoded in QR Code
  :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.
           If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.
  """
  qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=2,
                 error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M,
                 box_size=8,
                 border=1,
                 )
  qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)
  qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)
  img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white")
  if save_path:
    img.save(save_path)
  else:
    img.show()


def make_qr_code_with_icon(content, icon_path, save_path=None):
  """
  Generate QR Code with an icon in the center
  :param content: The content encoded in QR Code
  :param icon_path: The path of icon image
  :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.
           If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.
  :exception FileExistsError: If the given icon_path is not exist.
                This error will be raised.
  :return:
  """
  if not os.path.exists(icon_path):
    raise FileExistsError(icon_path)

  # First, generate an usual QR Code image
  qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=4,
                 error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
                 box_size=8,
                 border=1,
                 )
  qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)
  qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)
  qr_code_img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white").convert('RGBA')

  # Second, load icon image and resize it
  icon_img = Image.open(icon_path)
  code_width, code_height = qr_code_img.size
  icon_img = icon_img.resize((code_width // 4, code_height // 4), Image.ANTIALIAS)

  # Last, add the icon to original QR Code
  qr_code_img.paste(icon_img, (code_width * 3 // 8, code_width * 3 // 8))

  if save_path:
    qr_code_img.save(save_path)
  else:
    qr_code_img.show()


def decode_qr_code(code_img_path):
  """
  Decode the given QR Code image, and return the content
  :param code_img_path: The path of QR Code image.
  :exception FileExistsError: If the given code_img_path is not exist.
                This error will be raised.
  :return: The list of decoded objects
  """
  if not os.path.exists(code_img_path):
    raise FileExistsError(code_img_path)

  # Here, set only recognize QR Code and ignore other type of code
  return pyzbar.decode(Image.open(code_img_path), symbols=[pyzbar.ZBarSymbol.QRCODE], scan_locations=True)


if __name__ == "__main__":

  # # 簡易版
  # make_qr_code_easy("make_qr_code_easy", "make_qr_code_easy.png")
  # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_easy.png")
  # if len(results):
  #   print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
  # else:
  #   print("Can not recognize.")
  #
  # # 參數版
  # make_qr_code("make_qr_code", "make_qr_code.png")
  # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code.png")
  # if len(results):
  #   print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
  # else:
  #   print("Can not recognize.")
  #
  # 帶中間 logo 的
  # make_qr_code_with_icon("https://blog.52itstyle.vip", "icon.jpg", "make_qr_code_with_icon.png")
  # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_with_icon.png")
  # if len(results):
  #   print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
  # else:
  #   print("Can not recognize.")

  # 識別答題卡二維碼 16 識別失敗
  t1 = time.time()
  count = 0
  for i in range(1, 33):
    results = decode_qr_code(os.getcwd()+"\\img\\"+str(i)+".png")
    if len(results):
      print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
    else:
      print("Can not recognize.")
      count += 1
  t2 = time.time()
  print("識別失敗數量:" + str(count))
  print("測試時間:" + str(int(round(t2 * 1000))-int(round(t1 * 1000))))

測試了32張精挑細選的模糊二維碼：