詳解如何通過tomcat的ManagerServlet遠程部署項目
介紹
之前在郵政實習時,leader讓我閱讀tomcat的源代碼,嘗試自己實現(xiàn)遠程部署項目的功能,于是便有了這此實踐。
在Tomact中有一個Manager應用程序,它是用來管理已經(jīng)部署的web應用程序,在這個應用程序中,ManagerServlet是他的主servlet,通過它我們可以獲取tomcat的部分指標,遠程管理web應用程序,不過這個功能會受到web應用程序部署中安全約束的保護。
當你請求ManagerServlet時,它會檢查getPathInfo()返回的值以及相關的查詢參數(shù),以確定被請求的操作。它支持以下操作和參數(shù)(從servlet路徑開始):
| 請求路徑 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| /deploy?config={config-url} | 根據(jù)指定的path部署并啟動一個新的web應用程序(詳見源碼) |
| /deploy?config={config-url}&war={war-url}/ | 根據(jù)指定的pat部署并啟動一個新的web應用程序(詳見源碼) |
| /deploy?path=/xxx&war={war-url} | 根據(jù)指定的path部署并啟動一個新的web應用程序(詳見源碼) |
| /list | 列出所有web應用程序的上下文路徑。格式為path:status:sessions(活動會話數(shù)) |
| /reload?path=/xxx | 根據(jù)指定path重新加載web應用 |
| /resources?type=xxxx | 枚舉可用的全局JNDI資源,可以限制指定的java類名 |
| /serverinfo | 顯示系統(tǒng)信息和JVM信息 |
| /sessions | |
| /expire?path=/xxx | 列出path路徑下的web應用的session空閑時間信息 |
| /expire?path=/xxx&idle=mm | Expire sessions for the context path /xxx which were idle for at least mm minutes. |
| /sslConnectorCiphers | 顯示當前connector配置的SSL/TLS密碼的診斷信息 |
| /start?path=/xx | 根據(jù)指定path啟動web應用程序 |
| /stop?path=/xxx | 根據(jù)指定path關閉web應用程序 |
| /threaddump | Write a JVM thread dump |
| /undeploy?path=/xxx | 關閉并刪除指定path的Web應用程序,然后刪除底層WAR文件或文檔基目錄。 |
我們可以通過ManagerServlet中getPathInfo()提供的操作,將自己的項目遠程部署到服務器上,下面將貼出我的實踐代碼,在實踐它之前你只需要引入httpclient包和commons包。
封裝統(tǒng)一的遠程請求管理類
封裝此類用于方便client請求ManagerServlet:
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.auth.Credentials;
import org.apache.http.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.http.client.AuthCache;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.ClientContext;
import org.apache.http.impl.auth.BasicScheme;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicAuthCache;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
public class TomcatManager {
private static final String MANAGER_CHARSET = "UTF-8";
private String username;
private URL url;
private String password;
private String charset;
private boolean verbose;
private DefaultHttpClient httpClient;
private BasicHttpContext localContext;
/** constructor */
public TomcatManager(URL url, String username) {
this(url, username, "");
}
public TomcatManager(URL url, String username, String password) {
this(url, username, password, "ISO-8859-1");
}
public TomcatManager(URL url, String username, String password, String charset) {
this(url, username, password, charset, true);
}
public TomcatManager(URL url, String username, String password, String charset, boolean verbose) {
this.url = url;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.charset = charset;
this.verbose = verbose;
// 創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡請求相關的配置
PoolingClientConnectionManager poolingClientConnectionManager = new PoolingClientConnectionManager();
poolingClientConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(5);
this.httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(poolingClientConnectionManager);
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(username)) {
Credentials creds = new UsernamePasswordCredentials(username, password);
String host = url.getHost();
int port = url.getPort() > -1 ? url.getPort() : AuthScope.ANY_PORT;
httpClient.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(new AuthScope(host, port), creds);
AuthCache authCache = new BasicAuthCache();
BasicScheme basicAuth = new BasicScheme();
HttpHost targetHost = new HttpHost(url.getHost(), url.getPort(), url.getProtocol());
authCache.put(targetHost, basicAuth);
localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
localContext.setAttribute(ClientContext.AUTH_CACHE, authCache);
}
}
/** 根據(jù)指定的path部署并啟動一個新的應用程序 */
public TomcatManagerResponse deploy(String path, File war, boolean update) throws Exception {
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder("/deploy");
buffer.append("?path=").append(URLEncoder.encode(path, charset));
if (war != null) {
buffer.append("&war=").append(URLEncoder.encode(war.toString(), charset));
}
if (update) {
buffer.append("&update=true");
}
return invoke(buffer.toString());
}
/** 獲取所有已部署的web應用程序的上下文路徑。格式為path:status:sessions(活動會話數(shù)) */
public TomcatManagerResponse list() throws Exception {
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder("/list");
return invoke(buffer.toString());
}
/** 獲取系統(tǒng)信息和JVM信息 */
public TomcatManagerResponse serverinfo() throws Exception {
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder("/serverinfo");
return invoke(buffer.toString());
}
/** 真正發(fā)送請求的方法 */
private TomcatManagerResponse invoke(String path) throws Exception {
HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase = new HttpGet(url + path);
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpRequestBase, localContext);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
switch (statusCode) {
case HttpStatus.SC_OK: // 200
case HttpStatus.SC_CREATED: // 201
case HttpStatus.SC_ACCEPTED: // 202
break;
case HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY: // 301
case HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY: // 302
case HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER: // 303
String redirectUrl = getRedirectUrl(response);
this.url = new URL(redirectUrl);
return invoke(path);
}
return new TomcatManagerResponse().setStatusCode(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode())
.setReasonPhrase(response.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase())
.setHttpResponseBody(IOUtils.toString(response.getEntity().getContent()));
}
/** 提取重定向URL */
protected String getRedirectUrl(HttpResponse response) {
Header locationHeader = response.getFirstHeader("Location");
String locationField = locationHeader.getValue();
// is it a relative Location or a full ?
return locationField.startsWith("http") ? locationField : url.toString() + '/' + locationField;
}
}
封裝響應結果集
@Data
public class TomcatManagerResponse {
private int statusCode;
private String reasonPhrase;
private String httpResponseBody;
}
測試遠程部署
在測試之前請先在配置文件放通下面用戶權限:
<role rolename="admin-gui"/> <role rolename="admin-script"/> <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <role rolename="manager-script"/> <role rolename="manager-jmx"/> <role rolename="manager-status"/> <user username="sqdyy" password="123456" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status,admin-script,admin-gui"/>
下面是測試成功遠程部署war包的代碼:
import static org.testng.AssertJUnit.assertEquals;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestTomcatManager {
@Test
public void testDeploy() throws Exception {
TomcatManager tm = new TomcatManager(new URL("http://localhost:8080/manager/text"), "sqdyy", "123456");
File war = new File("E:\\tomcat\\simple-war-project-1.0-SNAPSHOT.war");
TomcatManagerResponse response = tm.deploy("/simple-war-project-1.0-SNAPSHOT", war, true);
System.out.println(response.getHttpResponseBody());
assertEquals(200, response.getStatusCode());
// output:
// OK - Deployed application at context path /simple-war-project-1.0-SNAPSHOT
}
@Test
public void testList() throws Exception {
TomcatManager tm = new TomcatManager(new URL("http://localhost:8080/manager/text"), "sqdyy", "123456");
TomcatManagerResponse response = tm.list();
System.out.println(response.getHttpResponseBody());
assertEquals(200, response.getStatusCode());
// output:
// OK - Listed applications for virtual host localhost
// /:running:0:ROOT
// /simple-war-project-1.0-SNAPSHOT:running:0:simple-war-project-1.0-SNAPSHOT
// /examples:running:0:examples
// /host-manager:running:0:host-manager
// /manager:running:0:manager
// /docs:running:0:docs
}
@Test
public void testServerinfo() throws Exception {
TomcatManager tm = new TomcatManager(new URL("http://localhost:8080/manager/text"), "sqdyy", "123456");
TomcatManagerResponse response = tm.serverinfo();
System.out.println(response.getHttpResponseBody());
assertEquals(200, response.getStatusCode());
// output:
// OK - Server info
// Tomcat Version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.82
// OS Name: Windows 10
// OS Version: 10.0
// OS Architecture: amd64
// JVM Version: 1.8.0_144-b01
// JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
}
}
參考資料
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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