iOS中的地理位置的獲取及plist設(shè)置方法

更新時(shí)間：2018年02月02日 09:13:41 作者：PinkJoker

下面小編就為大家分享一篇iOS中的地理位置的獲取及plist設(shè)置方法，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

1、在前臺(tái)的時(shí)候獲取地理位置信息

ios 8/9

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效

調(diào)用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限

調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()

代碼示例

class ViewController: UIViewController {
 lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
  let locate = CLLocationManager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
  return locate
 }()
 override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
  self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
 }
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
  print("位置信息已經(jīng)更新")
 }
}

2、前后臺(tái)獲取，但是后臺(tái)獲取的時(shí)候，屏幕上方有藍(lán)框提示用戶正在后臺(tái)獲取

ios8

調(diào)用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效

設(shè)置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打?qū)?/p>

調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()

ios9

調(diào)用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限

設(shè)置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要執(zhí)行)

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效

設(shè)置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打?qū)?(如果第二步做了，此步?jīng)]做，直接crash)

調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()

ios8/ios9可以后臺(tái)藍(lán)框定位的代碼示例:

class ViewController: UIViewController {
 lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
  let locate = CLLocationManager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {


  self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
 }
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
  print("位置信息已經(jīng)更新")
 }
}

3、后臺(tái)獲取，后臺(tái)獲取的時(shí)候，屏幕上方無藍(lán)框提示

調(diào)用.requestAlwaysAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限

在info.plist中配置NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效

設(shè)置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要執(zhí)行)

設(shè)置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打?qū)?(本步驟在ios 8中可以不做設(shè)置，但是在ios9中如果第三步做了，而此步?jīng)]有做，直接crash)

調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()

代碼示例

class ViewController: UIViewController {
 lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
  let locate = CLLocationManager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {


  self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
 }
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
  print("位置信息已經(jīng)更新")
 }
}

4、權(quán)限改變的通知

注意：在Denied或者NotDetermined的狀態(tài)下startUpdatingLocation,開始監(jiān)聽之后,當(dāng)狀態(tài)改變成允許的狀態(tài)時(shí)，會(huì)直接進(jìn)入監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)，不必再次調(diào)用startUpdateingLocation

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorizationStatus status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
  switch status {
  case .AuthorizedAlways:
   print("始終")
  case .AuthorizedWhenInUse:
   print("使用的時(shí)候")
  case .Denied:
   print("拒絕")
   if CLLocationManager.locationServicesEnabled() {
    print("真拒絕了")
   }else{
    print("是關(guān)閉了定位服務(wù)")
   }
  case .NotDetermined:
   print("第一次，尚未決定")
  case .Restricted:
   print("沒有權(quán)限的")

  }
 }

5、過濾距離

很多時(shí)候我們需要監(jiān)聽函數(shù)只調(diào)用一次來獲取用戶當(dāng)前的位置

在監(jiān)聽函數(shù)中停止監(jiān)聽

設(shè)置監(jiān)聽的過濾距離

//如果監(jiān)聽器已經(jīng)開啟,此值修改之后立即生效
self.locateM.distanceFilter = 100 //每100米，調(diào)用一次監(jiān)聽

6、精度

注意：越精確越耗電,定位的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，如果要定位城市，沒有必要選最精確的

self.locateM.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest
 //kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation
 //kCLLocationAccuracyBest
 //kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters
 //kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
 //kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer
 //kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers

7.CLLocation詳解

public var coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D { get }  //經(jīng)緯度
public var altitude: CLLocationDistance { get }   //海拔
public var horizontalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //位置信息是否有效，如果為負(fù)數(shù)，則無效 
public var verticalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //海拔數(shù)據(jù)是否有效，如果為負(fù)數(shù)，則無效 
public var course: CLLocationDirection { get }   //當(dāng)前的角度(0-359.9)
public var speed: CLLocationSpeed { get }     //當(dāng)前的速度  
public var timestamp: NSDate { get }      //位置確定的時(shí)間戳  
public var floor: CLFloor? { get }      //樓層(前提是已經(jīng)注冊(cè)的建筑),如果沒有為nil  

//計(jì)算兩個(gè)經(jīng)緯度之間的距離  
public func distanceFromLocation(location: CLLocation) -> CLLocationDistance

8、指南針小例子

class ViewController: UIViewController {

 @IBOutlet weak var mImageView: UIImageView!
 lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
  let locate = CLLocationManager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func viewDidLoad() {
  super.viewDidLoad()
  if(CLLocationManager.headingAvailable()){
   self.locateM.startUpdatingHeading()
  }else{
   print("當(dāng)前磁力計(jì)有問題")
  } 
 }
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateHeading newHeading: CLHeading) {
  //1.拿到當(dāng)前設(shè)備對(duì)正朝向的角度
  let angle = newHeading.magneticHeading
  //2.把角度轉(zhuǎn)換成弧度
  let hudu = CGFloat(angle / 180 * M_PI)
  //3.反向旋轉(zhuǎn)照片
  UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5) { 
   self.mImageView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(-hudu)
  }
 }
}

9、區(qū)域的監(jiān)聽

class ViewController: UIViewController {
 lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
  let locate = CLLocationManager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func viewDidLoad() {
  super.viewDidLoad()
  //首先應(yīng)該判斷當(dāng)前是否可以監(jiān)聽某個(gè)區(qū)域
  if CLLocationManager.isMonitoringAvailableForClass(CLCircularRegion){
   //1.創(chuàng)建區(qū)域
   let center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(21.123, 121.345)
   var distance : CLLocationDistance = 1000
   //限制監(jiān)聽的范圍不能超過最大的范圍
   if distance < locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance{
    distance = locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance
   }
   let region = CLCircularRegion(center: center, radius: distance, identifier: "xiaoxiao")
   //2.監(jiān)聽區(qū)域
   self.locateM.startMonitoringForRegion(region)
   //3.判斷當(dāng)前狀態(tài)是否是在區(qū)域內(nèi)還是區(qū)域外，
   //在`didDetermineState`代理方法中獲得結(jié)果
   self.locateM.requestStateForRegion(region)
  }
 }
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didEnterRegion region: CLRegion) {
  print("進(jìn)入了區(qū)域"+region.identifier)
 }
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didExitRegion region: CLRegion) {
  print("出了區(qū)域"+region.identifier)
 }
 func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didDetermineState state: CLRegionState, forRegion region: CLRegion) {
  //獲取剛開始是否在區(qū)域內(nèi)或者區(qū)域外
  if region.identifier == "xiaoxiao"{
   switch state {
   case .Inside:
    print("已經(jīng)是區(qū)域內(nèi)的")
   case .Outside:
    print("沒有在區(qū)域內(nèi)")
   case .Unknown:
    print("不清楚")
   }
  }
 }
}

10、地理編碼與反地理編碼

地理編碼

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("廣州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in
 if error == nil{
  print("地址編碼成功")
  print(pls?.last?.location)
 }else{
  print("錯(cuò)誤 \(error)")
 }  
}

打印

地址編碼成功

Optional(<+23.12517800,+113.28063700> +/- 100.00m (speed -1.00 mps / course -1.00) @ 8/14/16, 9:49:22 PM China Standard Time)

反地理編碼

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in
   if error == nil{
    print("地址反編碼成功 城市:\(pls?.last?.locality)")
    print(pls?.last?.addressDictionary)
   }else{
    print("錯(cuò)誤 \(error)")
   }
  }

打印

地址反編碼成功城市:Optional("Guangzhou")

Optional([SubLocality: Yuexiu, Street: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, State: Guangdong, CountryCode: CN, Thoroughfare: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, Name: Luo Sangmeidi, Country: China, FormattedAddressLines: <__NSArrayM 0x7ff1da5652d0>(
Yunhai Tongjin No.11 Yuexiu,
Guangzhou,
Guangdong China
)
, City: Guangzhou])

注意同一個(gè)CLGeocoder對(duì)象，不能同時(shí)編碼與反編碼

比如

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("廣州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in
 ...

}
geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in
 ...
 }

這樣只會(huì)打印第一個(gè)編碼成功的結(jié)果

11、CLPlacemark對(duì)象詳解

@NSCopying public var location: CLLocation? { get }    //經(jīng)緯度
@NSCopying public var region: CLRegion? { get }     //所關(guān)聯(lián)的地理區(qū)域
@available(iOS 9.0, *)
@NSCopying public var timeZone: NSTimeZone? { get }    //時(shí)間域
public var addressDictionary: [NSObject : AnyObject]? { get } //詳細(xì)地址信息

//addressDictionary中的屬性
public var name: String? { get }     //名字 
public var thoroughfare: String? { get }   //街道名字
public var subThoroughfare: String? { get }  //子街道名字
public var locality: String? { get }    //城市名稱
public var subLocality: String? { get }   //鄰城市名稱
public var administrativeArea: String? { get }  //行政區(qū)域 比如:CA
public var subAdministrativeArea: String? { get } //子行政區(qū)域
public var postalCode: String? { get }    //郵政編碼
public var ISOcountryCode: String? { get }   //國(guó)家代碼表
public var country: String? { get }    //國(guó)家
public var inlandWater: String? { get }   //內(nèi)陸水域
public var ocean: String? { get }     //海洋
public var areasOfInterest: [String]? { get }  //興趣點(diǎn)

以上這篇iOS中的地理位置的獲取及plist設(shè)置方法就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望能給大家一個(gè)參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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