基于HttpClient在HTTP協議接口測試中的使用(詳解)

更新時間：2017年10月07日 10:43:37 作者：張飛_

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HTTP協議的接口測試中，使用到最多的就是GET請求與POST請求，其中POST請求有FORM參數提交請求與RAW請求，下面我將結合HttpClient來實現一下這三種形式：

一、GET請求: GET請求時，參數一般是寫在鏈接上的，代碼如下：

public void get(String url){
  CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
  HttpGet httpGet = null;
  try {
    httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();   
    httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
    httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
    System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
  } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  }finally{
    try {
      if(httpGet!=null){
        httpGet.releaseConnection();
      }
      if(httpClient!=null){
        httpClient.close();
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

如果想把參數不寫在鏈接上，單獨的傳進去，則可以這樣：

public void get(String url, Map<String, String> params){
  CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
  HttpGet httpGet = null;
  try {
    httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
    String ps = "";
    for (String pKey : params.keySet()) {
      if(!"".equals(ps)){
        ps = ps + "&";
      }
      ps = pKey+"="+params.get(pKey);
    }
    if(!"".equals(ps)){
      url = url + "?" + ps;
    }
    httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
    httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
    System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
  } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  }finally{
    try {
      if(httpGet!=null){
        httpGet.releaseConnection();
      }
      if(httpClient!=null){
        httpClient.close();
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

二、POST請求的表單提交方式，代碼如下：

public void post(String url, Map<String, String> params){
  CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
  HttpPost httpPost = null;
  try {
    httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
    httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
    List<NameValuePair> ps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    for (String pKey : params.keySet()) {
      ps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(pKey, params.get(pKey)));
    }
    httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(ps));
    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
    System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
  } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  }finally{
    try {
      if(httpPost!=null){
        httpPost.releaseConnection();
      }
      if(httpClient!=null){
        httpClient.close();
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

三、 POST請求的RAW參數傳遞：

public void post(String url, String body){
  CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
  HttpPost httpPost = null;
  try {
    httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
    httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
    httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(body));
    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
    System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8"));
  } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  }finally{
    try {
      if(httpPost!=null){
        httpPost.releaseConnection();
      }
      if(httpClient!=null){
        httpClient.close();
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

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