AngularJS+Bootstrap3多級導航菜單的實現(xiàn)代碼
更新時間：2017年08月16日 11:18:23 作者：灰暗角落里的琴
將介紹如何用AngularJS構建一個強大的web前端系統(tǒng)。文章介紹如何實現(xiàn)多限級導航菜單。本文圖文并茂給大家介紹的非常詳細，感興趣的朋友參考下吧
將介紹如何用AngularJS構建一個強大的web前端系統(tǒng)。angularjs是由Google團隊開發(fā)的一款非常優(yōu)秀web前端框架。在當前如此多的web框架下，AngularJS能脫穎而出，從架構設計上就高人一等，雙向數(shù)據(jù)綁定，依賴注入，指令，MVC，模板。Angular.js創(chuàng)新地把后臺技術融入前端開發(fā)，掃去jQuery一度的光芒。用angularjs就像寫后臺代碼，更規(guī)范，更結構化，更可控。
本文將介紹如何實現(xiàn)多限級導航菜單。
目錄
1.靜態(tài)多級菜單實現(xiàn)
2.動態(tài)多級菜單實現(xiàn)
1. 靜態(tài)多級菜單實現(xiàn)
要實現(xiàn)多級菜單，我們要分兩步走，第一步就是把靜態(tài)菜單的功能實現(xiàn)，通過純靜態(tài)的HTML代碼完成。第二步，通過Angluarjs進行動態(tài)實現(xiàn)，最后把數(shù)據(jù)和程序分離，通過Ajax加載多級菜單數(shù)據(jù)。
我們先從靜態(tài)多級菜單開始動手，一個六級導航菜單是什么樣子呢？
如上圖所示，我們定義一些功能需求。
1級菜單是導航條上的文字。
當1級菜單導航事件被觸發(fā)，顯示2級菜單導航，在1級菜單的正下方顯示。
當2級菜單導航事件被觸發(fā)，顯示3級菜單導航，在2級菜單的右方顯示。
當3級菜單導航事件被觸發(fā)，顯示4級菜單導航，在3級菜單的右方顯示。
以此類推，不考慮下級菜單顯示出界問題。
繼續(xù)上文中的項目環(huán)境，增加一個新HTML文件: page3.html
~ vi D:\workspace\javascript\angular-navbar\page3.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>多級導航菜單</title>
<meta name="description" content="多級導航菜單">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="fragment" content="!" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/bower_components/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/main.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body ng-app="page2">
<div class="container">
<div class="row" ng-controller="NavbarCtrl">
<nav class="navbar navbar-default" role="navigation">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >多級菜單導航</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse navbar-ex1-collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Link</a></li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Link</a></li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Multi Level <b class="caret"></b></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu menu-top">
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 1</a></li>
<li class="dropdown-submenu"> <a tabindex="-1" href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >More options</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a tabindex="-1" href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 2</a>
</li>
<li class="dropdown-submenu"> <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >More..</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 3</a>
</li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 3</a>
</li>
<li class="dropdown-submenu"> <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >More..</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 4</a>
</li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 4</a>
</li>
<li class="dropdown-submenu"> <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >More..</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 5</a>
</li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 5</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 2</a>
</li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 2</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Level 1</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<script src="/bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/angular-route/angular-route.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/angular-bootstrap/ui-bootstrap-tpls.min.js"></script>
<script src="/js/app.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
新建一個css文件：main.css
~ vi D:\workspace\javascript\angular-navbar\css\main.css
.dropdown:hover .menu-top {
display: block;
}
.dropdown-submenu{
position:relative;
}
.dropdown-submenu > .dropdown-menu{
top:0;
left:100%;
margin-top:-6px;
margin-left:-1px;
-webkit-border-radius:0 6px 6px 6px;
-moz-border-radius:0 6px 6px 6px;
border-radius:0 6px 6px 6px;
}
.dropdown-submenu:hover > .dropdown-menu{
display:block;
}
.dropdown-submenu > a:after{
display:block;
content:" ";
float:right;
width:0;
height:0;
border-color:transparent;
border-style:solid;
border-width:5px 0 5px 5px;
border-left-color:#cccccc;
margin-top:5px;
margin-right:-10px;
}
.dropdown-submenu:hover > a:after{
border-left-color:#ffffff;
}
.dropdown-submenu .pull-left{
float:none;
}
.dropdown-submenu.pull-left > .dropdown-menu{
left:-100%;
margin-left:10px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px 0 6px 6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px 0 6px 6px;
border-radius:6px 0 6px 6px;
}
刷新一下網(wǎng)頁，我們能就看到上面的截圖的效果，代碼參考：http://firdaus.grandexa.com/2013/09/twitter-bootstrap-3-multilevel-dropdown-menu/
通過HTML和CSS就實現(xiàn)了多級菜單的靜態(tài)展示效果，如果導航菜單不是經(jīng)常變化，那么用靜態(tài)的方式，把代碼寫死就可以了。但有一些場景，菜單是需要動態(tài)生成，比如通過權限控制訪問鏈接，每個用戶的權限不一樣，那么能看到的菜單選項也就不一樣，這個時候就需要做成動態(tài)的，用程序去控制菜單的加載和展示。
2. 動態(tài)多級菜單實現(xiàn)
有了靜態(tài)多級導航菜單的HTML代碼結構，改寫成動態(tài)的，其實也不太復雜。
我們需要做2件事：
把導航菜單的數(shù)據(jù)結構化存儲，比如 存放到文件 nav.json。
用Angularjs的API加載nav.json數(shù)據(jù)，進行展示。
我們先定義一下導航菜單的數(shù)據(jù)格式，以JSON格式定義，每個菜單項都有3個屬性字段
label: 導航菜單項顯示的名字。
link: 導航菜單項的跳轉鏈接，可以不定義。
children: 導航菜單項的子菜單，循環(huán)對象存儲。
{
"label": "levelA",
"link": "#",
"children": [
{
"label": "levelB",
"link": "#",
"children": []
}
]
}
下面我們用真實的數(shù)據(jù)定義導航菜單，以我的金融系統(tǒng)為例。
新建JSON數(shù)據(jù)文件：nav.json。
~ vi D:\workspace\javascript\angular-navbar\js\nav.json
[
{
"label": "債券",
"children": [
{
"label": "可轉債",
"children": [
{"label": "可轉債溢價率分析","link":"#"},
{"label": "可轉債NS定價","link":"#"},
{"label": "可轉債歸因分析","link":"#"},
{"label": "可轉債套利實時監(jiān)控","link":"#"}
]
},
{
"label": "信用債",
"children": [
{"label": "交易所債券監(jiān)控","link":"#"}
]
},
{
"label": "利率債","link":"#",
"children": []
},
{
"label": "國債期貨",
"children": [
{"label": "國債期貨表現(xiàn)分析","link":"#"},
{"label": "國債期貨實時套利監(jiān)控","link":"#"},
{"label": "IRR歷史時間序列查詢","link":"#"},
{"label": "IRR實時監(jiān)控","link":"#"}
]
}
]
},
{
"label": "股票",
"children": [
{
"label": "基本面分析",
"children": [
{"label": "上市公司基本面數(shù)據(jù)查看","link":"#"}
]
},
{
"label": "量化選股策略",
"children": []
}
]
},
{
"label": "宏觀",
"children": [
{
"label": "宏觀數(shù)據(jù)",
"children": [
{"label": "宏觀數(shù)據(jù)概覽","link":"#"}
]
},
{
"label": "宏觀經(jīng)濟預測",
"children": []
},
{
"label": "宏觀經(jīng)濟和大類資產(chǎn)表現(xiàn)",
"children": []
}
]
}
]
我們看到這個導航菜單的數(shù)據(jù)，有3級，“債券–>可轉債–>可轉債歸因分析”，那么接下我們就直接實現(xiàn)對三級菜單的編程。創(chuàng)建HTML文件page4.html。
~ vi D:\workspace\javascript\angular-navbar\page4.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>多級動態(tài)導航菜單</title>
<meta name="description" content="多級動態(tài)導航菜單">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="fragment" content="!" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/bower_components/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/main.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body ng-app="page4">
<div class="container">
<div class="row" ng-controller="NavbarCtrl">
<nav class="navbar navbar-default" role="navigation">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="/" rel="external nofollow" >量化投資平臺</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse navbar-ex1-collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li ng-repeat="a1 in navbar" class="dropdown">
<a href="?{{ a1.label }}" rel="external nofollow" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">{{ a1.label }} <b class="caret"></b></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu menu-top">
<li ng-repeat="a2 in a1.children" class="dropdown-submenu">
<a tabindex="-1" href="?{{ a2.label }}" rel="external nofollow" >{{ a2.label }}</a>
<ul ng-show="a2.children.length>0" class="dropdown-menu">
<li ng-repeat="a3 in a2.children">
<a href="?{{ a3.label }}" rel="external nofollow" ng-click="go(a3.link)">{{ a3.label }}</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<script src="/bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/angular-route/angular-route.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bower_components/angular-bootstrap/ui-bootstrap-tpls.min.js"></script>
<script src="/js/app.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
在Angularjs的控制器文件app.js文件中，增加page4的定義。
var page4 = angular.module('page4', ['ui.bootstrap', 'ngRoute']);
page4.config(['$routeProvider', '$locationProvider', '$sceProvider', function ($routeProvider, $locationProvider, $sceProvider) {
$routeProvider
.when('/', {controller: 'DemoCtrl'})
.otherwise({redirectTo: '/'});
$locationProvider.html5Mode(true);
}]);
page4.controller('NavbarCtrl', function ($scope,$http,$location) {
$http.get("/js/nav.json").success(function(json){
$scope.navbar = json;
});
});
page4.controller('DemoCtrl', function () {
// nothing
});
查看一下顯示效果，與上面的截圖類似。
文章到這里就結束了，已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了我的功能需求。但這個話題還有很多可以優(yōu)化的地方，比如實現(xiàn)無限級的導航菜單，菜單的展示樣式替換，展示區(qū)間的控制，鼠標動作事件，封裝成Angularjs的插件開源項目等。有興趣的同學，可以我的程序的基礎上繼續(xù)努力，做出優(yōu)秀的開源項目來。
代碼已上傳到github：https://github.com/bsspirit/angular-navbar，同學可以根據(jù)需要自行下載，也可以直接通過命令下載代碼。
git clone https://github.com/bsspirit/angular-navbar.git cd angular-navbar bower install anywhere
總結
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的AngularJS+Bootstrap3多級導航菜單的實現(xiàn)代碼，希望對大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言，小編會及時回復大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對腳本之家網(wǎng)站的支持！
相關文章
使用Angular Cli如何創(chuàng)建Angular私有庫詳解
這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關于使用Angular Cli如何創(chuàng)建Angular私有庫的相關資料，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學習學習吧2019-01-01
如何解決手機瀏覽器頁面點擊不跳轉瀏覽器雙擊放大網(wǎng)頁
這篇文章主要介紹了如何解決手機瀏覽器頁面點擊不跳轉瀏覽器雙擊放大網(wǎng)頁的相關資料,需要的朋友可以參考下2016-07-07
這篇文章主要為大家詳細了angular forEach方法遍歷源碼，forEach()方法用于遍歷對象或數(shù)組，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下2017-01-01
這篇文章主要介紹了Angularjs之filter過濾器的相關資料,非常不錯，具有一定的參考借鑒價值，需要的朋友可以參考下2016-11-11
Angularjs 動態(tài)改變title標題(兼容ios)
這篇文章主要介紹了 Angularjs 動態(tài)改變title標題(兼容ios)的相關資料,需要的朋友可以參考下2016-12-12
這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了angular6開發(fā)steps步驟條組件的相關資料，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下2019-07-07
這篇文章主要介紹了Angular2學習筆記——詳解NgModule模塊,現(xiàn)在就分享給大家，也給大家做個參考。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧2016-12-12
這篇文章主要介紹了AngularJS實現(xiàn)ajax請求的方法,結合實例形式分析了AngularJS實現(xiàn)ajax請求的前端界面、ajax交互及后臺php處理技巧,需要的朋友可以參考下2016-11-11
angular6 利用 ngContentOutlet 實現(xiàn)組件位置交換(重排)
這篇文章主要介紹了angular6 利用 ngContentOutlet 實現(xiàn)組件位置交換(重排)，小編覺得挺不錯的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，也給大家做個參考。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧2018-11-11
Ubuntu系統(tǒng)下Angularjs開發(fā)環(huán)境安裝
本文主要介紹 Ubuntu系統(tǒng)下Angularjs開發(fā)環(huán)境安裝，這里詳細介紹了安裝步驟和注意事項，有在Ubuntu 環(huán)境下開發(fā)的朋友可以參考下2016-09-09