IOS 中runtime使用方法整理

更新時(shí)間：2017年03月30日 10:00:25 作者：Mr_yong

這篇文章主要介紹了IOS 中runtime使用方法整理的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

IOS 中runtime使用方法整理

做iOS的朋友都知道或聽說(shuō)runtime,這個(gè)東西很像java的反射機(jī)制,但功能遠(yuǎn)勝于java的反射。通過runtime我們可以動(dòng)態(tài)的向一個(gè)類中添加屬性、成員變量、方法，以及對(duì)其進(jìn)行讀寫訪問。

新建兩個(gè)類ClassOne和ClassTwo

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface ClassOne : NSObject{
  NSString *_publicVar1;
  NSString *_publicVar2;
}

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *publicProperty1;
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *publicProperty2;

- (void) testClassOneWithArg1:(NSString *)arg1;
@end


#import "ClassOne.h"

@interface ClassOne()
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *privateProperty1;
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *privateProperty2;

@end

@implementation ClassOne{
    NSString *_privateVar1;
    NSString *_privateVar2;
}

- (void)testClassOneWithArg1:(NSString *)arg1{
  NSLog(@"this is CalssOne, arg1:%@",arg1);
}

- (void)testClassOneWithArg1:(NSString *)arg1 arg2:arg2{
  NSLog(@"this is CalssOne, arg1:%@ arg2:%@",arg1,arg2);
}
@end

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface ClassTwo : NSObject
- (void) testClassTwoWithArg1:(NSString *)arg1 arg2:(NSString *)arg2;
@end


#import "ClassTwo.h"

@implementation ClassTwo
- (void)testClassTwoWithArg1:(NSString *)arg1 arg2:(NSString *)arg2{
  NSLog(@"this is ClassTwo arg1:%@,arg2:%@",arg1,arg2);
}
@end

1.拷貝對(duì)象

ClassOne *one = [ClassOne new];
id onec1 = object_copy(one,sizeof(one));

2.給類添加方法

ClassOne *one = [ClassOne new];
class_addMethod([ClassOne class], @selector(testClassOneWithArg1:arg2:arg3:), (IMP)testClassOne , "i@:@@@");
[one testClassOneWithArg1:@"arg1" arg2:@"arg2" arg3:@"arg3"];

//方法對(duì)應(yīng)的C函數(shù)
int testClassOne(id self,SEL _cmd, NSString *arg1,NSString *arg2,NSString *arg3){
NSLog(@"this is a test function add to ClassOne as a methad with arg1:%@ arg2:%@ and arg3:%@",arg1,arg2,arg3);
  return 10;
}

3.添加屬性（方式一）

//屬性類型
objc_property_attribute_t type = { "T", "@\"NSString\"" };
//訪問類型
objc_property_attribute_t ownership = { "C", "" };
//對(duì)應(yīng)成員變量名稱
objc_property_attribute_t backingivar = { "V", "_testPropertyName" };
objc_property_attribute_t attrs[] = { type, ownership, backingivar };
class_addProperty([ClassOne class], "testPropertyName", attrs, 3);
class_addMethod([ClassOne class], @selector(testPropertyName), (IMP)testPropertyNameGetter , "@:@@");
class_addMethod([ClassOne class], @selector(setTestPropertyName:), (IMP)testPropertyNameSetter, "v:@@@");


//屬性對(duì)應(yīng)的Getter方法
NSString* testPropertyNameGetter(id self,SEL _cmd){
  Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([ClassOne class], "_testPropertyName");
  return object_getIvar(self, ivar);
}

//屬性對(duì)應(yīng)的Setter方法
void testPropertyNameSetter(id self,SEL _cmd,NSString *testPropertyNameValue){
  Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([ClassOne class], "_testPropertyName");
  object_setIvar(self, ivar, testPropertyNameValue);
}

4.添加屬性（方式2）

ClassOne *one = [ClassOne new];
objc_setAssociatedObject(one, "objTag", @"value", OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
NSString *value = objc_getAssociatedObject(one, "objTag");
NSLog(@"通過Associate設(shè)置:%@",value);

5.獲取類的名稱

ClassOne *one = [ClassOne new];
const char *className = object_getClassName(one);
NSLog(@"className:%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:className]);

6.獲取一個(gè)類的所有方法

UInt count;
Method *methods = class_copyMethodList([ClassOne class], &count);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
  Method method = methods[i];
  SEL sel = method_getName(method);
  NSLog(@"方法名:%@",NSStringFromSelector(sel));
}

7.獲取一個(gè)類的所有屬性

uint propertyCount;
objc_property_t *ps = class_copyPropertyList([ClassOne class], &propertyCount);
for (uint i = 0; i < propertyCount; i++) {
  objc_property_t property = ps[i];
  const char *propertyName = property_getName(property);
  const char *propertyAttributes = property_getAttributes(property);
  NSLog(@"propertyName:%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:propertyName]);
  NSLog(@"propertyAttributes:%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:propertyAttributes]);
}

8.獲取類的所有成員變量

uint ivarCount;
Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([ClassOne class], &ivarCount);
for (uint i = 0; i < ivarCount; i++) {
  Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
  const char *ivarName = ivar_getName(ivar);
  NSLog(@"ivarName:%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:ivarName]);
}

9.獲得成員變量類型

uint ivarCount;
Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([ClassOne class], &ivarCount);
for (uint i = 0; i < ivarCount; i++) {
  Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
  const char *ivarName = ivar_getName(ivar);
  const char *type = ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar);
  NSLog(@"ivarName=%@,type=%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:ivarName],[NSString stringWithUTF8String:type]);
}

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