Spring-Boot框架初步搭建

更新時(shí)間：2017年03月15日 14:09:50 作者：Ryan.Miao

本篇文章主要介紹了Spring-Boot框架初步搭建，小編覺(jué)得挺不錯(cuò)的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，也給大家做個(gè)參考。一起跟隨小編過(guò)來(lái)看看吧

一、簡(jiǎn)介

SpringMVC是非常偉大的框架，開(kāi)源，發(fā)展迅速。優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)必然會(huì)劃分、解耦。所以，spring有很多子項(xiàng)目，比如core、context、bean、mvc等。這對(duì)知根底的人來(lái)說(shuō)很簡(jiǎn)單明了，然而springmvc就是為了傻瓜式的操作而發(fā)明的。對(duì)于初學(xué)springmvc的人來(lái)說(shuō)，想要入手就開(kāi)發(fā)需要拷貝一連串的dependency而不知道這個(gè)是干嘛，不知道是不是少了依賴(lài)。像我剛接觸springmvc的時(shí)候到處百度教程而發(fā)現(xiàn)各有不同，于是復(fù)制了一個(gè)又一個(gè)代碼卻不能自己設(shè)置，根本原因是不了解各個(gè)依賴(lài)的包。

Spring-Boot 正是為了解決繁復(fù)的代碼配置而產(chǎn)生的。Spring-Boot 也是基于java-base 開(kāi)發(fā)的代碼，及不用xml文件配置，所有代碼都由java來(lái)完成。還可以加入Groovy的動(dòng)態(tài)語(yǔ)言執(zhí)行。

二、搭建一個(gè)基本的web-mvc 項(xiàng)目

2.1 Configure environment

java 1.8+
maven 3.3+
spring-boot 1.3.5
idea 15
Thymeleaf 3

2.2 Start

在idea中，選擇new-》maven創(chuàng)建一個(gè)空的maven項(xiàng)目,比如名字springboot-test。

2.2.1pom.xml

設(shè)定java版本：

<properties>

    <java.version>1.8</java.version>

</properties>

添加依賴(lài)版本管理dependencyManagement

<dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>

      <dependency>

        <!-- Import dependency management from Spring Boot -->

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>

        <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>

        <type>pom</type>

        <scope>import</scope>

      </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</dependencyManagement>

添加spring-web項(xiàng)目依賴(lài)

<dependencies>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

    </dependency>

  <dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>

    <optional>true</optional>

  </dependency>

</dependencies>

添加build-plugin

<build>

    <plugins>

      <plugin>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

        <configuration>

          <fork>true</fork>

        </configuration>

      </plugin>

    </plugins>

 

</build>

如此，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的restful的webservice的項(xiàng)目就搭建好了。如果想要支持視圖渲染，即jsp、freeMark、velocity等，添加對(duì)應(yīng)的依賴(lài)即可。比如，我使用Thymeleaf模板：

<dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>

</dependency>

2.2.2 創(chuàng)建java代碼

如果新建項(xiàng)目的名字是：springboot-test. 則創(chuàng)建包springboot-test/src/main/java/com/test.

com
 +- example
   +- myproject
     +- Application.java
     |
     +- domain
     |  +- Customer.java
     |  +- CustomerRepository.java
     |
     +- service
     |  +- CustomerService.java
     |
     +- web
       +- CustomerController.java

com.test是我們的基本包名。下面創(chuàng)建配置類(lèi)com.test.AppConfig。

package com.test;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

 

/**

 * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19.

 */

@SpringBootApplication

public class AppConfig {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SpringApplication.run(AppConfig.class);

  }

}

@SpringBootApplication 標(biāo)注啟動(dòng)配置入口，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)通過(guò)一個(gè)main方法啟動(dòng)。使用這個(gè)注解的類(lèi)必須放置于最外層包中，因?yàn)槟J(rèn)掃描這個(gè)類(lèi)以下的包。否則需要自己配置@ComponentScan。

這樣，配置基本完成了。下面開(kāi)發(fā)控制層controller：

創(chuàng)建com.test.controller.HelloController。

package com.test.controller; 

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

 

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

 

/**

 * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19.

 */

@Controller

public class HelloController {

 

  @RequestMapping("/index")

  public String index(Model model){

 

    model.addAttribute("name","Ryan");

 

    return "index";

  } 

  @RequestMapping("/json")

  @ResponseBody

  public Map<String,Object> json(){

    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();

    map.put("name","Ryan");

    map.put("age","18");

    map.put("sex","man");

    return map;

  }

}

創(chuàng)建視圖代碼：

視圖默認(rèn)放在springboot-test\src\main\resources\templates**.

所以創(chuàng)建springboot-test\src\main\resources\templates\index.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>

  <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />

</head>

<body>

<p th:text="'Hello, ' + ${name} + '!'" />

</body>

</html>

D:\workspace\springboot\springboot-test\src\main\webapp\hello.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>

<html>

<head>

  <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />

</head>

<body>

hello, This is static page. not resolve by server, just the html.

</body>

</html>

2.2.3 run

啟動(dòng)方式多種，可以啟動(dòng)main方法，也可以通過(guò)命令行啟動(dòng)：

D:\temp\springboot-test>mvn spring-boot:run
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING]
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.test:springboot-test:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 49, column 21
[WARNING]
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING]
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING]
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building springboot-test 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-test >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-test ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 2 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-test ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-test ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\temp\springboot-test\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-test ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-test <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-test ---
[INFO] Attaching agents: []

 .  ____     _      __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
 ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::    (v1.3.5.RELEASE)

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